Exercise 3 Study 1 In 1988 the results of the Physicians\' Health Study Research

Question

Exercise 3 Study 1 In 1988 the results of the Physicians' Health Study Research Group study were reported in the New England Journal of Medicine. In this study 22 071 male physicians (aged from 40 to 84) were randomly assigned to two groups. One group took an aspirin every second day and the other group took a placebo, a pill with no active ingredient which looked just like an aspirin. The participants did not know whether they were taking aspirin or the placebo After five years the number of participants in each group who had had a heart attack was recorded. The results are shown in the table below Heart attack Treatment Aspirin Placebo Total 104 189 293 No heart attack 10 933 10 845 21 778 Total 11 037 11 034 22 071 1. All parts of this question apply to Study 1. (a) For those in the aspirin group (i) The proportion who had a heart attack = (ii) The probability that a randomly selected participant had a heart attack (iii) The percentage who had a heart attacks (iv) The risk of having a heart attack (v) Write this risk as a rate per 1000 participants (vi) Write this risk as a rate per 10 000 participants

Explanation / Answer

Ans:

a)

i)proportion who had heart attack in the aspirin group=104/11037=0.0094

ii)Probability of heart attack in aspirin group=0.0094

iii)percentage who had a heart attack in aspirin group=0.0094=0.94%

iv)The risk of having heart attack in aspirin group=104/11037=0.0094

v)Risk as per 1000 participants=0.0094*1000=9.4

vi)Risk as per 10000 participants=0.0094*10000=94

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