Lingering Effects of Sleep Deprivation STEP 1: Ask a research question. Many stu

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Lingering Effects of Sleep Deprivation

STEP 1: Ask a research question. Many students pull “all-nighters” when they have an important test or a pressing assignment. Concerns that may arise include: Can you really function well the next day after a sleepless night? What about several days later: Can you recover from a sleepless night by getting a full night’s sleep on the following nights?

STEP 2: Design a study and collect data. Researchers Stickgold, James, and Hobson investigated delayed effects of sleep deprivation on learning in a study published in Nature Neuroscience (2000). Twenty-one volunteers, aged 18–25 years, were first trained on a visual discrimination task that involved watching stimuli appear on a computer screen and reporting what was seen.

After the training period, subjects were tested. Performance was recorded as the minimum time (in milliseconds) between the appearance of stimuli and an accurate response. Following these baseline measurements, one group was randomly assigned to be deprived of sleep for 30 hours, followed by two full nights of unrestricted sleep, whereas the other group was allowed to get unrestricted sleep on all three nights. Following this, both groups were retested on the task to see how well they remembered the training from the first day. Researchers recorded the improvement in performance as the decrease in time required at retest compared to training. (Note: For example, if someone took 5 milliseconds (ms) to respond at the beginning of the study and then 2 ms to respond at the end, the improvement score is 3 ms. But if someone took 2 ms at the beginning and then 5 ms at the end, the improvement score is 3 3 ms.) The goal of the study was to see whether the improvement scores tend to be higher for the unrestricted sleep treatment than for the sleep deprivation treatment. Identify the explanatory and response variables in this study. Also classify them as either categorical or quantitative.***** this is the question I NEED answered

*****Match each variable to its role (explanatory or response) and type (categorical or quantitative).

Question options:

improvement score

whether subjects were deprived of sleep or not

Explanatory variable - categorical

Explanatory variable - quantitative

Response variable - categorical

Response variable - quantitative

improvement score

whether subjects were deprived of sleep or not

Explanatory variable - categorical

Explanatory variable - quantitative

Response variable - categorical

Response variable - quantitative

Explanation / Answer

Here we are checking the effect of sleep depriviation onimprovement score hence,

Improvement score will be a response variable and sleep whether subjects were deprived of sleep or not will be an explanatory variable.

Again, score will be quantitative whereas the sleep depriviment condition will be categorical.

Therefore,

Improvement Score: Response variable - quantitative

Whether subjects were deprived of sleep or not: Explanatory variable - categorical

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