31. The Nurses\' Health Study has interviewed a sample of more than 100,000 fema

Question

31. The Nurses' Health Study has interviewed a sample of more than 100,000 female registered nurses every two years since 1976. Beginning in 1980, the study asked questions about diet, including alcohol consumption. The researchers concluded that "light-to- moderate drinkers had a significantly lower risk of death" than either nondrinkers or heavy drinkers. (a) Is the Nurses Health Study an observational study or an experiment? Why? (b) What does "significant" mean in a statistical report? (c) Suggest some confounding variables that might explain why moderate drinkers have lower death rates tharn nondrinkers. (The study adjusted for these variables.)

Explanation / Answer

a) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY DESIGN.

b) Significant means here the data researchers collected reject the null hypothesis whatever null hypothesis they have made at the the starting of the research.

c) Confounding variables are the moderate drinkers may exercise more , may take proper sleep also there may be a chance that moderate drinkers don't drive when they are drunk. While on other hand non drinkers may don't move so much and due to this they are obese and obesity cause so much diseases.

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