An examination of the medical records of more than 314,000 British men showed th

Question

An examination of the medical records of more than 314,000 British men showed that those who were overweight or who had high blood pressure had a higher risk of kidney cancer. Answer parts a) through e) below a) Identify whether the above research is an observational study or an experiment The described research is an b) Was the study retrospective or prospective? This is a V observational study. c) ldentify the subjects studied, and how they were selected The subjects were How were these subjects selected? O A. The subjects volunteered for the study O B. The subjects were found by randomly selecting medical records ?. The subjects were selected to create the sought proportions of obesity, high blood pressure, and kidney cancer. O D. The method of selection is not given in the description. d) Identify the parameter of interest O A. The parameter of interest is the difference in percentage of men with kidney cancer among different groups. ? B. The parameter of interest is the difference in percentage of men with high blood pressure among diferent goups O C. The parameter of interest is the difference in percentage of overweight men among different groups O D. The parameter of interest is the difference in percentage of British men with kidney cancer e) Identify the nature and scope of the conclusion regarding what the results may or may not indicate A. The number of medical records examined was very large, so a cause-and-efflect relationship between weight or blood pressure and kidney cancer is clearly established B. There is no random assignment, so a cause-and-effect relationship between weight or high blood pressure and kidney cancer cannot be established C. Only British men were studied, so a cause-and-effect relationship between weight or high blood pressure and kidney cancer cannot be established. D. There is no random assignment, so a cause-and-effect relationship between weight or high blood pressure and kidney cancer is clearly established

Explanation / Answer

(a) The described research is an observational study.

(b) This is a retrospective observational study.

(c) The subjects were 314,000 British men.

(d) Correct option:

B. The subjects were found by random;y selecting medical reccords.

(e) Correct option:
A. The parameter of interest is percentage of men with kidney cancer among different groups.

(e) Correct option:

B. There is no random assignment, so a cause-and-effect relationship between weight or high blood blood pressure and kidley cancer cannot be established.

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