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4. To standardize a data set, x, we often use a z transfortnation, W where rple

ID: 3370315 • Letter: 4

Question

4. To standardize a data set, x, we often use a z transfortnation, W where rple To standardize a population with variable X we often use a Z transformation, where Answer the following: (a) Predict the output from Line A below! > head (ådt) RIVER MILE SPECIES LENGTH WEIGHT DDT 1 FCM 5 CCATFISH 42.5 732 10 FCM 2 FCM 5 CCATFISH 44.0 795 1 3 FCM 5 CCATFISH 41.5 547 23 4 FCM 5 CCATFISH 39.o 465 21 5 FCM 5 CCATFISH 50.5 1252 50 6 FCM 5 CCATFISH 52.0 1255 150 > x-ddt $WEIGHT >z(x-mean (x))/sd (x) > round (mean(z)"2,4) # Line A (b) Predict the output of Line B below! > head (ddt) RIVER MILE SPECIES LENGTH WEIGHT DDT River) Mlle) Sfucies) lendh)?? 0p1 i FCH 5CCATF?SH 42.5 73210 2 FCM 5 CCATFISH 44.0 795 16 3 FCM 5 CCATFISH 41.5 547 23 4 FCM 5 CCATFISH 39.0 465 21 5 FCM 5 CCATFISH 50.5 1252 50 6 FCM 5 CCATFISH 52.0 1255 150 > x-ddtSDDT > z- (x-mean (x))/sd (x) > round (var(z),4) # Line B E 3293 Exam 1 Chapters 1-5 Page 6 of 10

Explanation / Answer

a) X: Weight

R codes

x<-c(10,16,23,21,50,150)
z<-(x-mean(x))/sd(x)
z
var(z)
round(var(z)^2,4)

R output

> x<-c(10,16,23,21,50,150)
> z<-(x-mean(x))/sd(x)
> z
[1] -0.65731901 -0.54463575 -0.41317195 -0.45073304 0.09390272 1.97195704
> var(z)
[1] 1
> round(var(z)^2,4)
[1] 1

The output of line A is 1.

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b) X : DDT

R codes

x<-c(10,16,23,21,50,150)
z<-(x-mean(x))/sd(x)
z
mean(z)
round(mean(z)^2,4)

R output

> x<-c(10,16,23,21,50,150)
> z<-(x-mean(x))/sd(x)
> z
[1] -0.65731901 -0.54463575 -0.41317195 -0.45073304 0.09390272 1.97195704
> mean(z)
[1] -1.850372e-17
> round(mean(z)^2,4)
[1] 0

The output of line B is 0

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