UESTION 3 The primary but not only process responsible for the modifications tha
ID: 34354 • Letter: U
Question
UESTION 3
The primary but not only process responsible for the modifications that occur in organisms over geological time is:
increase in fitness.
genetic mutation.
morphological (phenotypic) modification.
natural selection.
2 points
QUESTION 4
What characteristics of crop pests favor the development of pesticide resistance?
widespread use of pesticides
application of ineffective pesticides
short generation times in insects
A and C
a.increase in fitness.
b.genetic mutation.
c.morphological (phenotypic) modification.
d.natural selection.
Explanation / Answer
Q3) The process is natural selection. Genetic mutations do occur but a mutation does not mean a shift in morphology or fitness. Genetic mutations (or differences in individuals) allow for natural selection to occur (some survive that have the specific mutation and the others don't). An increase in fitness occurs because of genetic mutations and is why natural selection happens. And morphologicl/phenotypic changes can occur with natural selection but the phenotypic changes aren't the processes that change individuals over time. Again, this is natural selection.
Q4) D: A and C. The widespread use of pesticides allows a greater population of insects to be treated. This means more individuals and a greater potential for there to be one that survives and goes on to replicate (passing on the genes for resistance). A short generation time allows more insect offspring to be produced per unit time which means, a greater population of resistant insects. Ineffective pesticides wouldn't select for a particular individuals because it is not providing any selective pressures (killing off insects without a particular gene).
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