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Question

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Traffic! The problem of traffic gridlock in American cities continues to increase. Campaigns to encourage people to share a ride or take the bus have not been very successful. In one large city, commuters entering the city must cross one of several bridges to get to the area where office buildings and factories are concentrated. How could behavior modification be used to reduce the traffic congestion in the city?

Explanation / Answer

Principles of behavior modification could be used to reduce the traffic in such a situation by lowering the price of public transportation at the peak hours, this method in operant conditioning is known as positive reinforcement, where the commuters will be rewarded when they take public transportation, such as subway and buses. Another behavior modification principle which can be used is positive punishment, where a behavior is punished, here, if less than two people are seen in the car during the peak hours they could be imposed a small fine, this will encourage people to pool with others during the peak hours.

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