1. Why are control groups essential for psychological research? 2. What is a man
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Question
1. Why are control groups essential for psychological research? 2. What is a manipulation check? Describe two types of manipulation checks and provide an example of each. 3. Subject or organismic variables pose particular problems for researchers. What sort of problems? When conducting research, how can such problems be reduced? 4. Discuss four types of dependent measures and provide a concrete example of each one. 5. Explain the difference between Type I and Type Il Errors. Provide an example of each 6. Why is random sampling used so infrequently in psychological research? What sampling method is more common? Does lack of random sampling pose problems for research? Why or why not? What advantages do factorial designs have over single factor designs? How do between-subjects designs differ from within-subjects (or repeated measures) designs? Describe a hypothetical example of each type of design 7. 8. 9. Under what conditions should researchers consider using single participant experiments? 10.What is content validity? Provide an example and explain how it differs from criterion validity and concurrent validity.Explanation / Answer
1.Control group is essential for research purposes as it reduces the the effect of all the variables involved except for the independant variable . It is also used as a baseline to compare groups and assess the effect of that intervention.
2. In psychological research , Most of the researchers used manipulative checks which is a vey good idea because most of the researchers use multiple dependant variables in thier studies . When an independant variable is contructed which is manipulated not directly but indirectly . Hence manipulated checks are used .
3. Types of dependant measures :
1. Discrete : Individually the variables are separate and distinct is known as is known as Discrete.
2. Continous : A continuous variable is one that can take any value between two numbers.
4. Difference between type 1 and type 2 errors :
Type 1 :
Eg :basis of data, the research team of a company concluded that more than 50% of the total customers like the new service started by the company, which is, in fact, less than 50%.
type 2 :
Eg : the research team of an organisation claims that less than 50% of the total customers like the new service started by the company, which is, in fact, greater than 50%.
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