Did I work this correctly especially 18 & 19 13) What is the study design? Pleas
ID: 3449440 • Letter: D
Question
Did I work this correctly especially 18 & 19
13) What is the study design? Please be as specific as possible. The study design is Case Control that is retrospective, in this case the time period is 1965-1983. The case control design study hypothesizes that men who work in high-stress environments have an increased risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD), then men who work in low-stress environments.
14) Generate a 2x2 contingency table:
CHD
Cases
NO CHD
Control
TOTAL
EXPOSED
High Stress Job
A = 1440
B = 3139
4579
UNEXPOSED
Low Stress Job
C = 1796
D = 1534
3330
TOTAL
A+C = 3236
B+D = 4673
7909
15) Calculate the cumulative incidence of CHD for those exposed to higher stress jobs: Cumulative Incidence = 1440/4579= 0.314 (high stress - 31.4% of men will get CHD)
16) Calculate the cumulative incidence of CHD for those unexposed to higher stress jobs: Cumulative Incidence = 1796/3330 = 0.539 (low stress - 53.9% of men will get CHD)
17) Calculate the relative risk of CHD for the high stress group as compared to the low stress group. Relative Risk = 0.582
18) Calculate the Relative Risk (risk ratio) of CHD for the low stress group as compared to the high stress group. Relative Risk = 1.71 1
19) Interpret your results for both #17-18 in one sentence: For the men in the high stress work environment the relative risk of 0.582 means the risk is decreasing compared to the low stress work environment where the relative risk of 1.71 means the risk increasing.
CHD
Cases
NO CHD
Control
TOTAL
EXPOSED
High Stress Job
A = 1440
B = 3139
4579
UNEXPOSED
Low Stress Job
C = 1796
D = 1534
3330
TOTAL
A+C = 3236
B+D = 4673
7909
Explanation / Answer
19. In terms of interpretation, it’s better to conclude the results with a statement about restraining or rejecting the hypothesis. Thus, in the given instance of the risk factor for coronary heart diseases between the Male workers of high and low stress jobs, the findings indicate that there is no significant relationship. This is because the risk for diesease is decreasing in men who work in highly stressful jobs, while the risk is increasing in low stress job group. Therefore, we retain the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between the two variables. (Ho =/ 0; HO is no time equal to zero)
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