*Explain the distinction between Configural (holistic) & Structural (recognition
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*Explain the distinction between Configural (holistic) & Structural (recognition by parts) modes of visual recognition of obiects. Describe how the upside down art perception example in lecture notes supports this distinction ° What is Agnosia, what cortical brain regions are often affected in this disorder, how is it diagnosed, and how does the physical/functional matching test help to diagnose some types of agnosia? . What is optic ataxia & what cortical brain regions are often afftected in this disorder?Explanation / Answer
face recognition is different from object perception as it requires a more holistic approach. it has been derived from the gestalt theory pas per which wholes are qualitatively different from parts put together as they have properties whichh cannot be derived just by joining the individual constituents. this requires the inter realtions between the salient features of the face. these relations are called configural or relational information. there are two types of configural information- first order configural information are the ones having the basic features and the second order configural information are the ones having space and position variations. first order are the most important in identification and the second order are used to add specification in the identification. here the term holistic is used as the parts are so interrelated that they need to be seen as a whole and cant be broken.
according to the upside down art perception it is formulated that when objects are drawn or viewed upside down then it becomes difficult to make sense of the whole object and it is viewed only in parts thereby using the structural recognition in perception.
symptoms of agnosia vary based on the areas of brain which are effected
parietal lobe symptoms - difficulty in recognising an object which is placed on the opposite sid eof the effected area in the hand but if it is seen directly then it can identified.
occipital lobe symptoms- inability to identify famiiliar faces, objects or places even after looking at them.
temporal lobe symptoms- inability to identify sounds
the basic step of diagnosing agnosia is proper evaluation by the doctor. the doctor asks you to identify common objects using sight touch or other senses. this is the functional/ physical matching test. it involves evaluating parts of objects using senses and is hence used to diagnose whether thhe agnosia is visual or tactile.
also the next steps involve going through the history of the patient and imaging tests liike ct scan and mri
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