17-Positive reinforcement... reinforcement. A- increases; decreases B- Decrease;
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17-Positive reinforcement... reinforcement. A- increases; decreases B- Decrease; increase C- Increase; Increase D- Decrease; decrease the rate of responding E. Cannot be determined 18-Research on a voidance learning suggests that Cona 6. 9,6) through.conditioning plays a key role.C 6 A- Classical B- Operant C- Reinforcement D- Intermittent E- None of the above 19- Albert Bandura: (6.11.6) A- Was the first to describe specific-specific learning tendencies B- The founder of Behaviorism C- Pioneered the study of classical conditioning D- Pioneered the study of observational learning 20-In our study of observational behavior in chapter, Functionalism is to Physiology A- Evolution C- Nature D- Nurture 21- In order to satisfy the "Natural selection" theory, two (2) conditions must be met. Which are they? A- A species must reproduce, pass its genes on to its offspring B- A species must live for 100 years C- Both, male & female must produce 23 chromosomes D- A species must be able to adapt in difficult environment E- A&D; F- A & CExplanation / Answer
17.
In Operant conditioning positive reinforcement increases the chances of repetition of a behavior for which there is a positive reward or outcome, whereas the negative reinforcement decreases the chances of a behavior to be repeated.
Answer. Option A. increases; decreases.
18.
In classical conditioning when a neutral stimulus is associated with an aversive natural or unconditioned stimulus, the organism produce conditioned fear stimulus to that neutral stimulus. For example: If your food makes you ill you will fear even the smell of your favorite food for some days.
Answer. Option A. Classical.
19.
Albert Bandura was among the first to demonstrate that human beings have a natural inclination to learn by observation. His famous Bobo Doll experiment illustrated how young children imitated the violent aggressive behavior of an adult model.
Answer. Option D. Pioneer in the study of observational learning.
20.
Both Functionalism and Structuralism were the early schools of thought in Psychology. While Structuralism identified human mind and behavior through introspection, functionalism attempted to study conscious in a more systematic and accurate manner.
Answer. Option E. Structuralism.
21.
Answer. Option E. A & D
Natural selection defines ability of an organism to cope with the difficult situation and pass this coping ability to next generation through reproduction.
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