1. What is personality? What do personality psychologists seek to do? 2. What ar
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1. What is personality? What do personality psychologists seek to do? 2. What are three things behavior-genetics methods try to disentangle? What two types of studies are often used? What did the finding of these studies show? 3. According to Freud, what are the three parts of personality? Be able to define and differentiate between them. 4. What are defense mechanisms? Know five of the defense mechanisms (denial, repression, reaction-formation, projection, displacement) and be able to give an example of each. 5. What are three problems with Freud's theory of personality 6. What are traits? What is the lexical approach to coming up 7. What are the Big Five traits? What do they predict? (as discussed in class)? with traits? What is factor analysis? 8. What are three problems with the Big Five Model of personality (discussed in class)? 9. What is a self-schema? What is its purpose? 10. What is self-esteem? What do sociometer theory and terror management theory say are the purpose or function of self- esteem? What is self-esteem's relationship to life outcomes? What are some downsides to having too high self-esteem?Explanation / Answer
9. Self schema refers to a long lasting and stable set of memories that summarize a person’s beliefs, experiences and generalizations about self in specific behavioural domains. It basically talks about one’s idea of oneself. Self schemas form our self concept. As we go through life and gain new knowledge and experiences, we are constantly adding to or even reconfiguring our existing self-schemas and self-concepts and this helps us cope with our everyday challenges. The influence how we think feel act and deal with various situations.
10 Self esteem refers to an individual’s sense of his or her worth or the extent to which a person values, approves of, appreciates himself or herself. Sociometer theory is a theory of self-esteem from an evolutionary psychological perspective that proposes that state self-esteem is a gauge (or sociometer) of interpersonal relationships. Terror management theory states that all human motives are ultimately derived from a biologically based instinct for self preservation and therefore the purpose of self esteem is to prevent any damage to a person’s idea about himself or herself and may be looked at as a defence mechanism of sorts. Self esteem helps explain life’s outcomes. When they are favourable it adds to the self esteem, when not individual tries to rationalize so as to be able to cope with the unfavourable outcomes. If an individual has high self esteem he will not b able to cope with failures in life and will lose all confidence to deal with challenges in life.
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