Answer all 5 short answer questions in details and provide as many examples and

Question

Answer all 5 short answer questions in details and provide as many examples and illustrations as possible . 2-4 sentences each.

1. Discuss some of the reasons why the incidence of divorce is so high. List some of the factors that decrease the chances of a couple getting divorced.

2. List some of the pubertal changes that take place in females.

List some of the pubertal changes that take place in males.

Discuss the impact of culture and social factors on adolescence during puberty.

3. List and Discuss the main differences of the four categories of sexual problems.

4. Describe some of the psychosocial , biological and psychological factors related to sexual problems.

5. Describe the aims and goals of sex therapists. Choose one of the sexual problems discussed in the chapter and in the notes and provide examples of how a therapist would go about treating that problem.

Explanation / Answer

1.I think independence is leading to divorce among couples.We all are highly independent now especially women,everyone is earning and living life on their own terms which is always decreasing the patience to be in a marriage and make it work.We hold our opinions too strongly now with big egos leading to no solution and ultimately ending in a divorce.We live in a disposable society. Marriages are thrown away in the same fashion one would toss an old pair of shoes.We are looking for a quick fix, something that can satisfy our needs and if those needs aren’t satisfied some feel it is easier to toss the spouse and move on to the next relationship. Financial stability is very important to run a marriage and also emotional connectedness between the couple.Communication is the key to reduce divorce.Do not marry too young and make a hasty decision.People should marry only when they want to get married and be in a long term commitment. 2.Development of breasts-Between the ages of 8-13 years, girls start developing breasts. Appearance of hair in the armpit Widening of hips and appearance of pubic hair.Through the years of puberty, the hips of a girl widen and hair begins to grow in the genital region. Hair in the genital region is known as pubic hair. During puberty girls experience a sharp growth in their height. This is known as growth spurt. By the time she is 16 years old, she attains about 98% of the final height that she will eventually grow to. Onset of puberty brings many physical changes in boys. Their chest and shoulders broaden and their muscles start to develop. The voice gets deeper. Hair begins to grow on the face that later develop into moustache and beard. During puberty boys experience a rapid growth in height over a span of 2 to 3 years. This rapid growth in height is called growth spurt. 3.Some of the main categories of sexual dysfunction include: Desire disorders —lack of sexual desire or interest in sex. Arousal disorders —inability to become physically aroused or excited during sexual activity. Orgasm disorders —delay or absence of orgasm (climax) Pain disorders — pain during intercourse. 4.There are several direct, biological risk factors (vascular disease, diabetes, hormone levels, alcohol, and medications) that may contribute to sexual dysfunction.Vascular disease may limit blood flow. As we know, for women and men to become physically aroused increased blood flow to the genitalia is necessary. Vascular disease may also allow blood that has entered the genitalia to slowly escape. Diabetes impacts blood flow and can even cause nerve damage, which can lead to vaginal dryness in women and erectile difficulties in men. Hormonal levels (testosterone in men and women and estrogen in women) can impact sexual function. Researchers have identified heavy alcohol use as a risk factor for sexual dysfunction.Medication side effects can impact desire, arousal, or orgasm in both men and women. Psychosocial risk factors include: psychological disorders, such as depression, anxiety, substance use disorders, and eating disorders emotions (i.e., anxiety) maladaptive thoughts (being distracted during sex) negative attitudes towards sex (masturbation is dirty, premarital sex is wrong, sex within marriage is solely for the purpose of procreation) racial, ethnic, and religious background impact what we believe and expect with regard to sex. If these expectations and beliefs are negative they may serve as a risk factor the quality of one's relationship is a risk factor for developing, or worsening sexual dysfunction lack of education about normal sexual functioning is also a risk factor for developing sexual dysfunction Psychological factors include Stress – Stress from work, finances, relationship/marital issues, health, etc. can “play with your mind” and lead to sexual problems. Anxiety – Anxiety can have a cyclic effect on men. For instance, if a man suffers from an anxiety disorder, or experiences prolonged extreme anxiety, he is at-risk for developing sexual dysfunction. 5.A sex therapist may take couples therapy one step further by focusing on the couple's physical relationship. After identifying the couple's attitudes about sex and the sexual problem, the sex therapist recommends specific exercises to refocus the couple's attention and expectations. Specific objectives may include any of the following: Learning to relax and eliminate distractions Learning to communicate in a positive way what you would like Learning nonsexual touching techniques Increasing or enhancing sexual stimulation Minimizing pain during intercourse Sex therapists often use what are called "sensate focus" exercises to treat sexual problems. The exercises start with nonsexual touching and encourage both partners to express how they like to be touched. The goal is to help both partners understand how to recognize and communicate their preferences.

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