9. You are driving to school when suddenly an ambulance rushes past you with its
ID: 3457884 • Letter: 9
Question
9. You are driving to school when suddenly an ambulance rushes past you with its sirens blaring, shocking you so much that you fear that you might lose control of your car. A minute later, you hear strens in the distance and Increase your vigilance be prepared for another emergency vehicle on the road. What change has come over your normal reaction to sirens? c habituation d. fight-or-flight response b. Hebblan learning -10. If you tratned a rat to fear a flashing light by patring it with a painful electric shock, what would be the conditioned stimulus? a. flashing light b. electric shock c fear d. extinction 11.What is the process whereby the conditioned response is weakened when it is no longer presented with the unconditioned stimulus? a. extinction b. reward c. second-order conditioning d. acquistlon 12. Food is considered a primary reinforcer, whereasis a secondary reinforcer. c money d juice a. water b. sex 13. According to our knowledge of operant conditioning, what would be the best parenting method to encourage your child to do well in school? a. swift punishment for poor performance b. taking away privileges for anything less than a B c. ignoring the child until he or she gets high grades d. praising the child for appropriate academic behaviorExplanation / Answer
9. a. sensitization
In psychology, sensitization is when an individual becomes more sensitive to a stimulus with repeated or regular exposure to the stimulus, which increases the strength of the individual’s reaction with passage of time.
10. c. fear
Since we are trying to stimulate fear in the rat, the answer is fear. In other words, we are conditioning the cat to fear the flashing light and electric shock.
11. a. extinction
When behavior that is learned previously is no longer presented or reinforced, the behavior disappears or becomes extinct.
12. c. money
Food, drinks (water), and pleasure (s e x) are primary reinforcers. i.e, they have biological value. Secondary reinforcers include money, which does not have biological value.
13. d. praising the child for appropriate academic behavior
According to B. F. Skinner, the father of Operant Conditioning, when an individual’s behavior is reinforced, the individual repeats the behavior and it is strengthened. Using this principle, praising the child for appropriate academic behavior encourages the child to do well, thus resulting in good grades.
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