Christian View of Persons Founder(s): Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big

Question

Christian View of Persons

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Classic Psychoanalysis

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Contemporary Psychodynamic

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Behavior

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Rational- Emotive

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Person-Centered

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Classic Psychoanalysis

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Contemporary Psychodynamic

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Behavior

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Rational- Emotive

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Person-Centered

Founder(s):

Philosophical Assumptions- What’s the Big Idea?:

Model of Personality- What Makes People Tick?:

Model of Abnormality- What Makes People Sick?:

Model of Health- What’s the Goal?:

Model of Psychotherapy- What Makes People Well?:

Explanation / Answer

Classic Psychoanalysis:

Founder: Sigmund Freud

Philosophical Assumptions:

Classical Psychoanalysis is a theory of unconscious motivation and it emphasises on childhood experiences with sexual and aggressive instincts and impulses as the primary determinants of behaviour and personality in adulthood. It treats consciousness as a multilayer phenomenon where the actual wakeful or conscious state is only the tip of the iceberg. The deeper layers o father subconscious and the unconscious constitute the larger part of the mind. Our socially unacceptable sexual desires, wishes and aggressive impulses which fulfilled would lead to criticism and rejection from significant others are buried into the unconscious through the defense mechanism of repression. However, the repressed material continues to constantly move into the conscious level and much of our behaviour, emotional experiences, and motivation is a result of this conflict between the conscious and the unconscious.

Model of personality: personality is theorised in term shape of three interdependent structures: the I’d , the ego and the superego. The Id is governed by the pleasure principle and it is the desiring part of our personality that seeks only the fulfilment of its needs regardless of the societal norms and practical limits. The Id is completely unconscious part which means that we are not consciously aware of our aggressive impulses, our hidden fears and anxiety or sexual desires. Contrary to the Id is the superego which is the moral agency as it is governed by the principle of morality. The superego develops around 2 years of age when young children begin to experience regulations in the form of a ‘No’ from parental figures and other adults. They soon learn to internalize the rules and regulations of the outside world and develop an internal check upon their wishes. However, the superego like the Id is an irrational part of personality which is totally unconscious and it is a punitive force which maintains a rigid control over the id in the form of a moral police. It forces id impulses towards repression into the unconscious. The ego is the relatively rational part of personality which mediates in the conflict between the id impulses Andy the superego’s control and it operate several on the reality principle. It therefore helps to restore the balance and avoid unconscious conflict due to repression of the id impulses which can otherwise break out into neurotic anxiety. Thus, Personality is said to be a dynamic constitution which is shaped by the conflict between these three structures and the ego’s use of defense mechanisms to reduce anxiety due to unconscious conflicts.

Model of Abnormality:

According to the psychoanalytic view, abnormality is a result of pathological childhood experiences and trauma experienced due to frustration of needs during the psychosexual stages of development. Sexuality is considered to be a key to libido or life energy in human beings. However, extreme social norms and repressive family environment often create a stifling atmosphere where individuals from their childhood begin to experience a parity between their own desires and the lack of acceptance from others. As a result, most of the libidal energy gets relegated towards repressing the unacceptable impulses and wishes. Symptoms of anxiety, depression and other neurotic disorders then develop as a manifestation of the repressed material which continues to push upwards into the consciousness for gratification. The developing ego then begins to excessively use defense mechanisms to reduce anxiety experienced which further perpetuates symptoms .

Model of Health: according to psychoanalytic therapists, health or an effective adaptive living entails a balance between the different parts of personality where the ego is able to reign free between the individual’s desiring id part and the external/social control or the superego. resolution of the conflicts specially the Oedipal/ electro complex during the phallic stage, and developing healthy social and interpersonal interactions with people that can lead to cordial and loving heterosexual or homosexual relationships are regarded as key goals to development of a healthy and stable sexual identity and personality in adulthood.

Model of Psychotherapy:

Psychoanalytic therapy involves a long term and in-depth talking therapy with the aim to bring unconscious or deeply buried thoughts and feelings of the patient to the conscious mind so that repressed experiences and emotions, from childhood, can be brought to the surface and examined. It is based on the assumption that once the patient can ge lead to gain an insight into his/her unconscious material, become aware of it and then gradually trained to acknowledge and accept his/her thoughts and feelings taking responsibility for them, then s/he can be helped to feel relatively ‘free’ of the internal conflicts and be encouraged to make a healthy transition from his/her past and become more efficient and competent at work and in intimate relationships in the present.

The psychoanalytic therapy relies on the analyst or therapist -patient died as the main tool to address the patients’s emotional life. Psychoanalytic therapy applies techniques such as free association, dream analysis, analysis of transference, to gauge at the repressed wishes, thoughts and motives of the patient and encourages the patient to express himself/herself freely without any apprehensions about being judged.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse C
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.