4. Describe the basic assumptions of the trait approach to personality, includin
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4. Describe the basic assumptions of the trait approach to personality, including defining "traits". Define and describe the components of the big-five or five-factor model of personality. Describe the problems and weaknesses associated with the trait approach to personality. 5. Compare and contrast objective and projective personality tests. Differentiate between the methodologies of personality inventories and projective tests. Describe the following personality tests: MMPI, TAT, and Rorschach Inkblot Test, including strengths and weakness of each.Explanation / Answer
Trait approach, within the domain of psychology, is a theory to explain and comprehend the vital aspects of human personality.
A trait is a particular aspect that an individual harbors and through the lens of which they execute their personality. Allport, Cattel and Eysenck were a few who had given their take on trait theory.
One of the major trait theories, which is still used to day is the big five model, which has five traits as the blanketing traits of an individual, they are, Openness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, Extravertism, Agreeableness.
The only problem with the trait theory is that an indiovudla cannot be categorized into a single component of the aforementioned, but that human beings are much more dynamic and much more complex and nuanced than a single defining trait.
Hence, the trait theories fail from acknowledhing that.
5. The major difference between objective tests and projective tests is that there is a standardized answer key for the former, and the latter is completely subjective and there are no wrong or right answers.
This aspect makes the former more reliable than the latter.
For instance, the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory is an objective test, which will give concrete results as to an individuals mental characterstics, and would help identify any personality or mental disorders. But, due to its vastness, the test does seem to overlap and has a possibility of thus giving a flawed diagnosis.
The other one is a projective test called Thematic Ap perception test, which is employed on children and there is a version for adults as well.
It is a projective test that employs the use of images and asks children to write what an image means to them. There is a possibility of extrapolating the meaning of what the children say, as there is not a standardized key available, hence it is on the discretion of the psychologist to adjudge.
The third test is Rorschach ink blot test, wherein ink blots are presented which are abstract in nature, and the subject is asked to define what it is to them. This is helpful in attaining and compressing in the internal processes of an individuals mind, but it too falls prey to the virtue of extrapolation as the key, despite being vast, can have shortcomings that can lead to the psychologist drawing inflated inferences.
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