1) Why do you need to review the existing literature? a) To make sure you have a
ID: 3464892 • Letter: 1
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1) Why do you need to review the existing literature? a) To make sure you have a long list of references. b) Because without it, you could never reach the required word-count. c) To find out what is already known about your area of interest. d) To help in your general studying. 2) To read critically means: a) taking an opposing point of view to the ideas and opinions expressed. b) skimming through the material because most of it is just padding. c) evaluating what you read in terms of your own research questions. d) being negative about something before you read it. 3) When accessing the internet, which of these steps is the most essential? a) Recording the full URL b) Noting the access dates c) Downloading material to be referenced d) They are all equally important 4) Which of the following requirements for a dissertation may depend on your institution? a) Whether an abstract should be included b) The format for referencing c) The word limit d) All of the above 5) According to the Harvard referencing convention, pick out the correct version of showing a book reference: a) Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2011), Business Research Methods, 3e, Oxford; Oxford University Press b) Bryman (2011, third edition), Business Research Methods ,Oxford University Press c) Bryman and Bell, Business Research Methods (2011: OUP) d) Bryman, A. Business Research Methods (2011) ? 6) Which of the following statements about plagiarism is most accurate? a) It is so easy to "copy and paste" from the internet that everyone does it nowadays. If a proper reference is given, where is the harm in that? b) How can we say for sure where our own ideas come from exactly? If we tried to give a reference for everything we could never hope to succeed. c) Any suggestion that we have written what another actually wrote is morally wrong. Anyway, the whole point of a literature review is to show what we have read and what we thought about it. d) Plagiarism is such an awful crime that those found guilty should be obliged to wear a scarlet "P" on their clothing. 7) The role of a project supervisor is to: a) make sure you keep to your schedule and deadlines. b) provide intellectual support, guidance and critical feedback. c) negotiate access to the research setting on the student's behalf. d) give you a reading list. 8) You can manage your time and resources best, by: a) working out a timetable. b) finding out what resources are readily available to you. c) calculating a budget for likely expenditure. d) all of the above. 9) How can you tell if your research questions are really good? a) If they guide your literature search. b) If they are linked together to help you construct a coherent argument. c) If they force you to narrow the scope of your research. d) All of the above. 10) Which of the following should be included in a research proposal? a) Your academic status and experience. b) The difficulties you encountered with your previous reading on the topic. c) Your choice of research methods and reasons for choosing them. d) All of the above. 11) Which of the following should you think about when preparing your research? a) Your sample frame and sampling strategy. b) The ethical issues that might arise. c) Negotiating access to the setting. d) All of the above. ? 12) Why is it helpful to keep a research diary or log book while you are conducting your project? a) To give you something to do in the early stages of your research when nothing is happening. b) Because funding councils generally demand to see written evidence that you were working every day during the period of the research. c) To keep a record of what you did and what happened throughout the research process. d) It can be added to your dissertation to ensure that you reach the required word limit. 13) What can you do to ensure your physical safety during your research? a) Be alert to the possibility of exposure to danger. b) Avoid interviewing alone in the respondent's residence. c) Make sure someone knows where you are and how you can contact them in an emergency. d) All of the above. 14) What practical steps can you take before you actually start your research? a) Find out exactly what your institution's requirements are for a dissertation. b) Make sure you are familiar with the hardware and software you plan to use. c) Apply for clearance of your project through an ethics committee. d) All of the above. 15) The sampling fraction is associated with which sampling technique? a) Simple random b) Systematic c) Stratified random d) Quota sampling e) Snowball 16) What is a research design? a) A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory. b) The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods. c) The style in which you present your research findings, e.g. a graph. d) A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data. 17) A dissertation can be defined as a , divided into headed sections or chapters, which researches, in detail, a particular business or management subject. a) short piece of academic assignment b) long piece of academic literature c) long piece of academic writing d) short piece of academic writing e) none of the above 18) The choice of sample size is not affected by one of the following. Which is it? a) the confidence required in the data b) the margin of error that can be tolerated c) the size of the total sample from which the population is drawn d) the types of analyses that will be undertaken e) the number of categories into which the data will be subdivided 19) Which of the following is not correct? A dissertation . a) Shows detailed knowledge and understanding b) Is an annotated piece of academic work c) Demonstrates original work and research d) Shows critical and analytical thinking e) None of the above 20) Which is not an example of a sampling frame? a) an association directory listing the firms in an industry b) a map c) a customer database d) a mailing list purchased from a commercial organization e) none of the above 21) The following may help you generate the initial idea for your dissertation . a) Reading business and management literature b) Work experience c) Current events and using the media d) All of the above e) a and c only 22) Purposive, or judgemental, sampling is a a) form of sampling is often used when working with very small samples when you want to select cases that are particularly informative. b) form of sampling is often used when working with very large samples, as in case-study research. c) form of sampling is often used when working with very large stratified samples, as in case-study research. d) form of sampling is often used when working with very small samples, as in experimental research. e) All of the above ? 23) Which is not true about triangulation? a) It is possible to combine the two methods. b) Collect data from different sources c) It helps to verify interpretations and conclusions. d) Theory from one academic discipline is applied to a research situation within another discipline. e) It is a method of sampling. 24) refer to the particular techniques and procedures used to collect data and information and analyze data. a) Research methodology b) Research methods c) Research design d) Research strategies e) b, c, and d 25) Which of the following, like probability sampling, tries to represent the total population. a) Snowball sampling b) Quota sampling c) Purposive sampling d) Convenience sampling e) Typical case sampling 26) A good research topic is evaluated based on the two criteria . a) Capability and feasibility b) Capability and broadness c) Appropriateness and feasibility d) b and c. e) a and b 27) is research that is undertaken purely to understand the processes of business and management and their outcomes. a) Basic research b) Management research c) Explanatory research d) Action research e) Applied research ? 28) The practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as ones own is a definition from The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998). This refers to ________. a) copyright b) plagiarism c) dubbing d) cut and paste e) All of the above 29) A is a representation of the elements of the target population. a) sampling design b) sampling technique c) sampling fraction d) sampling frame e) none of the above 30) A good research project must be all of the following except . a) Useful b) Important c) Achievable d) Interesting e) Published 31) Which type of question format is this? Looking at the items on the card, please indicate how important each was to you in choosing this course; was it: Very important, Quite important, Not very important or Not at all important? Very Quite Not very Not at all Important Important Important Important Good reputation ?1 ?2 ?3 ?4 Curriculum ?1 ?2 ?3 ?4 Level of fees ?1 ?2 ?3 ?4 a) Check list questions b) Likert scale questions c) Attitude statements d) Ranking questions e) Semantic differential questions ? 32) Here are some methods used to generate and refine your research ideas except. a) Brainstorming b) Quick Analysis c) Existing project titles d) Repeat a Project e) Forced relationships 33) Non-response when collecting data is due to four inter-related problems. Which of the following is the wrong one. a) Refusal to respond b) Ineligibility to respond c) Inability to locate respondent d) Respondent located but unable to make contact e) None of the above 34) list of all relevant items consulted for your project including those not referred to directly in the text whiles list of those items referred to directly in the text. a) References, bibliography b) Footnotes, references c) Bibliography, references d) Literature review, references e) Literature review, bibliography 35) It is normally used to overcome problems associated with a geographically dispersed population when face-to-face contact is needed, or when it is expensive and time consuming to construct a sampling frame for a large geographical area. a) Quota sampling b) Stratified sampling c) Multi-stage sampling d) Purposive sampling e) None of the above 36) provide a range of methods that enable you to reduce the amount of data needed. a) Sampling techniques b) Search tools c) Data reducing methods d) Data analysis techniques e) None of the above is true ? 37) The content of the research proposal does not tell the reader . a) how the contract between the supervisor and the reader is enforced, b) what the research is intended to do, c) why it is necessary to do the research, d) what the research is trying to achieve, e) how the proposed research will be achieved. 38) A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of current knowledge and on a particular topic. a) methodological approaches b) sampling approaches c) referencing styles d) citations e) all of the above 39) sampling involves selecting those cases that are the easiest to obtain for your sample, such as the person interviewed at random in a shopping centre for a television programme. a) Self selection b) Snowball c) Critical d) Convenience e) Cluster 40) There are good reasons for beginning a literature review before starting a research. These reasons does not include: a) To discover what is already known about your chosen topic b) To give direction to your research c) To discuss the objectives for the chosen topic d) To see what has and has not been investigated. e) To learn how others have defined and measured key concepts. 41) A well-structured literature review is characterized by . a) a logical flow of ideas b) current and relevant references c) consistent and proper use of terminology d) annotated bibliographies of previous research e) appropriate referencing style 42) Journals, books and newspapers are sources of . a) primary literature b) secondary literature c) tertiary literature d) grey literature 43) Collecting and analysing data from every possible case or group member is termed as a) Survey b) Census c) Counting d) Sampling e) All of the above 44) Dissertations, conference proceedings, and unpublished government reports are sources of . a) primary literature b) secondary literature c) tertiary literature d) blue print literature e) search tools 45) Data collection methods includes . I. Observations II. Interviewing III. Moderation IV. Questionnaire a) I, II, III b) I, II, IV c) II only d) II and IV only e) All of the above 46) Simple random sampling is the simplest of the probability sampling techniques, but it is seldom used in practice because a) it is an efficient method b) it requires extensive sampling calculations c) it requires many questions to be asked d) it needs a large geographical density e) it requires simple analysis 47) Why is it important for structured interviews to follow a standardized procedure? a) To increase validity, as the interview can be adapted for each respondent. b) To increase reliability, because all respondents receive the same interview stimulus. c) To allow for an in-depth exploration of the topic. d) To make it easier for untrained interviewers to carry out complex surveys. 48) Standardizing the interview schedule can reduce interviewer variation in terms of: a) the way in which questions are phrased by the interviewer. b) the order in which questions are asked. c) the procedures used to code and analyse survey data. d) all of the above. 49) Closed ended questions are those that: a) have a fixed range of possible answers. b) prevent respondents from allocating themselves to a category. c) encourage detailed, elaborate responses. d) relate to the basic demographic characteristics of respondents. 50) Which of the following is not a disadvantage of telephone interviewing? a) Researchers do not have to spend so much time and money on travelling. b) Some people in the target population may not own a telephone. c) It can be difficult to build rapport over the telephone. d) Interviewers cannot use visual cues such as show cards. 51) Which of the following might you include in an introductory letter to respondents? a) An explanation of who you are and who is funding your research. b) An overview of what the research is about and how the data will be collected. c) A statement of their ethical rights to anonymity, confidentiality, etc. d) All of the above. 52) A filter question is one that: a) ensures that all respondents are asked every question on the schedule and in the same order. b) leaves a space for respondents to write long and detailed answers. c) helps the interviewer to avoid asking irrelevant questions by directing them elsewhere on the schedule. d) the interviewer to avoid asking leading questions by directing them elsewhere on the questionnaire. e) allows supervisors to distinguish between good and bad interviewers. 53) An open question is one that: a) allows respondents to answer in their own terms. b) does not suggest or provide a limited range of responses. c) can help to generate answers for closed questions. d) all of the above. 54) Which of the following is not an advantage of using closed questions in a survey? a) It reduces the risk of variability in the way answers are recorded. b) It makes answers easier to process and analyse. c) They prevent respondents from giving spontaneous, unexpected answers. d) Closed questions are quicker and easier for respondents to complete. 55) Which of the following is a general rule of thumb for designing questions? a) Always bear in mind your research questions. b) Never ask a closed question. c) Always use vignettes rather than open questions. d) Use ambiguous terms to put respondents at ease. 56) You should avoid using double-barrelled questions in a survey because: a) they rely too much on a respondent's memory. b) they make the questions too long, so respondents lose interest. c) they are too abstract and general in scope. d) they confuse respondents by asking about two different things. 57) Leading questions should also be avoided because: a) they suggest ways of answering and so may bias the results. b) they create a mismatch between the question and its possible answers. c) they involve negative terms and unnecessary jargon. d) they ask about several different things at the same time. 58) The value of piloting a questionnaire is that it helps you to: a) test out your questions on some of the people who will be in the final sample. b) identify and amend any problems in the question wording, order and format. c) find out what a trained pilot would think of the subject matter. d) all of the above. 59) Bell (2005) did not suggest you use the pilot testing to find out: a) How long the questionnaire took to complete b) The clarity of instructions c) Whether the dissertation report is suitable d) Which questions were unclear or ambiguous; e) Whether the layout was clear and attractive 60) A refers to a group of people or objects which form the subject of study. a) population b) sample c) sampling frame d) sampling fraction e) all of the above ? 61) Factors to be considered in deciding on selecting a sampling technique would not include a) the type of research questions asked b) the quota sampling c) the ease of data collection d) the availability of a sampling frame, e) the budget 62) Sampling frames are for only probability sampling. a) True b) False c) Cannot be ascertain without more information. 63) sampling is commonly used when it is difficult to identify members of the desired population, for example, people who are working while claiming unemployment benefit. a) Stratified b) Snowball c) Accidental d) Convenience e) Critical 64) Common ways to stimulate respondents to provide more detail anwers when interviewing does not include which of the following: a) repeat the question b) ask standard closed questions c) pause to motivate the respondent to speak d) repeat the respondent's answer or last word e) ask standard (neutral) probe questions 65) Martin (2000) divided the needed qualities for interviewers into three. Identify the correct combination. I. Skills II. Attitudes III. Opinion IV. Knowledge a) I, II, and III b) I, III and IV c) II, III, and IV d) Need more information to answer e) None of the above is correct ? 66) Which is the odd one? Greenbaum (1998) outlined several characteristics of good focus group moderators, as follows: a) Average intelligence b) Good listener c) Well organised d) Quick learner e) Good short-term memory 67) The term "secondary analysis" refers to the technique of: a) conducting a study of seconds, minutes and other measures of time. b) analysing your own data in two different ways. c) analysing existing data that have been collected by another person or organization. d) working part time on a project alongside other responsibilities. 68) Why might secondary analysis be a particularly useful method for students? a) It is relatively easy to do. b) It saves time and money. c) It does not require any knowledge of statistics. d) It only requires a half-hearted effort. 69) Which of the following is not an advantage of secondary analysis? a) It immerses the researcher in the field they are studying. b) It tends to be based on high quality data. c) It provides an opportunity for longitudinal analysis. d) It allows you to study patterns and social trends over time. 70) Which of the following is not a disadvantage of using secondary analysis? a) The researcher's lack of familiarity with the data. b) It is a relatively expensive and time consuming process. c) Hierarchical datasets can be very confusing. d) The researcher has no control over the quality of the data. 71) Which of the following provides official statistics that could be analysed as secondary data? a) Local Government Survey (LGS) b) Expenditure and Food Survey (EFS) c) Dwelling and Furnishings Survey (DFS) d) Rowing and Oars Survey (ROS) ? 72) Categorical data is more precise than discrete (quantifiable) data. a) True b) False c) Cannot be determined without more information 73) What is one of the advantages that official statistics have over structured interview data? a) The researcher can conduct natural experiments in the field. b) They are completely objective and reliable. c) They have greater measurement validity. d) They allow the researcher to identify social trends over time. 74) Why has the secondary analysis of official statistics been seen as an "unobtrusive" method? a) It increases the risk of "reactive effects" from participants. b) The researcher is removed from the social settings that they are investigating. c) The data were originally collected for the same purposes as those of the current researcher. d) They do not intrude too much into the researcher's spare time. 75) What is the difference between a bar chart and a histogram? a) A histogram does not show the entire range of scores in a distribution. b) Bar charts are circular, whereas histograms are square. c) There are no gaps between the bars on a histogram. d) Bar charts represents numbers, whereas histograms represent percentages. 76) What is the function of a contingency table, in the context of bivariate analysis? a) It shows the results you would expect to find by chance. b) It summarizes the frequencies of two variables so that they can be compared. c) It lists the different levels of p value for tests of significance. d) It compares the results you might get from various statistical tests. 77) If there were a perfect positive correlation between two interval/ratio variables, the Pearson's r test would give a correlation coefficient of: a) - 0.328 b) +1 c) +0.328 d) - 1 78) What is the name of the method that is used to assess the relationship between two ordinal variables? a) Spearman's rank correlation b) Phi c) Cramer's V d) Chi Square 79) What is the advantage of using SPSS over calculating statistics by hand? a) This is how most quantitative data analysis is done in "real research" nowadays. b) It reduces the chance of making errors in your calculations. c) It equips you with a useful transferable skill. d) All of the above. 80) The introductory section of a research report should aim to: a) identify the specific focus of the study. b) provide a rationale for the dissertation, or article. c) grab the reader's attention. d) all of the above. 81) What is the purpose of the conclusion in a research report? a) It explains how concepts were operationally defined and measured. b) It summarizes the key findings in relation to the research questions. c) It contains a useful review of the relevant literature. d) It outlines the methodological procedures that were employed. 82) Which of the following is not normally included in a written account of qualitative research? a) An introduction, locating the research in its theoretical context. b) An explanation of the design of the study. c) A discussion of the main findings in relation to the research questions. d) A decision to accept or reject the hypothesis. 83) Which of the following makes qualitative interviewing distinct from structured interviewing? a) a) The procedure is less standardized. b) b) "Rambling" off the topic is not a problem. c) c) The researcher seeks rich, detailed answers. d) d) All of the above. 84) Which of the following is not a type of qualitative interview? a) a) Unstructured interview b) b) Oral history interview c) c) Structured interview d) d) Focus group interview 85) What is involved in "purposive sampling"? a) a) Using a random numbers table to select a representative sample of people. b) b) Deciding on a sampling strategy early on and pursuing it relentlessly. c) c) Strategically selecting respondents who are likely to provide relevant data. d) d) Sampling units of time rather than individual persons.
Explanation / Answer
1. c) To find out what is already known about your area of interest.
2. c) evaluating what you read in terms of your own research questions
3. d) They are all equally important
4. d) All of the above
5.a) Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2011, 3e) Business Research Methods, Oxford; Oxford University Press
6. c) Any suggestion that we have written what another actually wrote is morally wrong. The whole point of a literature review is to show what we have read and what we thought about it.
7. b) provide intellectual support, guidance and critical feedback.
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