92. The experience of intense fear and autonomic arousal in the absence of real
ID: 3465922 • Letter: 9
Question
92. The experience of intense fear and autonomic arousal in the absence of real threat is called a(n) a panic attack b anxiety attack C. d. panic disorder 93. Gabriel has become so fearful of going outside of his home alone and of being in open spaces such as parking lots that he has difficulty holding a job. This is best described as a. a phobia b. agoraphobia c. a panic attack d. claustrophobia 94. Alejandra, a resident of lower Manhattan, suffers from PTSD after witnessing the attack on the twin towers of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.A certain acrid burning smell can trigger intense feelings of jitteriness and distress for her. This is an example of a positive reinforcement b. operant conditioning c. classical conditioning d. observational learning 95. Mira has hallucinations and delusions. Which of the following is a hallucination, as opposed to a delusion? a. Mira believes that her neighbors are watching her through the television. b. Mira hears critical voices commenting on her every action. c. Mira knows that Brad Pitt, the actor, is in love with her. d. Mira feels that she has an important mission to complete. 96. What is the name of the disorder characterized by an unusual lack of remorse, empathy,or regard for normal social rules and conventions? a. borderline personality disorder b. avoidant personality disorder c. histrionic personality disorder d. antisocial personality disorder 97. Which of the following biological factors may be implicated in depression? a. Smaller hippocampal volume b. Increased right prefrontal cortex activity c. A surplus of serotonin availability at the synapses d. Lower levels of natural benzodiazepine activityExplanation / Answer
1.C)Phobia is intense irrational fear of a stimulus which invokes panic even when there is evidence of there being no real threat.panic and anxiety are similar in terms of autonomic arousal but the fear is rational.
2. B)Agoraphobia is the fear of being trapped, embarrassed or having a panic attack in open places or places where there is crowd.The fear often redults in a panic attack reinforcing the phobia Extreme phobi can make the person avoid leaving the house due to fear of being embarrassed.
3.C) Classical conditioning, witnessing the 9/11 attacks caused panic response, the smell of fire etc got associated with the feeling and has become a conditioned stimulus eliciting similar responses in form of jitteriness.
4.B)hallucinations are false perceptions without any stimulus.Mira's example is of an auditory hallucination.
All other options are examples of delusions.Delusions are firm beliefs about oneself that are false but do not change despite contrary evidence.Erotomanic delusion is when a person is convinced that another person is in love with them.Persecutory delusion lead to the belief of being followed, watched or spied upon.Delusion of grandidosity can make a person believe that they are highly influential and important than they are.
5. B)antisocial personality disorder.
histronic- need to be the center of attraction always, dependent on what others think of them.Constantly trying to be in limelight in whatever way possible.
avoidant- avoiding close relationship with friends, family etc, are worried about being judged , criticized.
borderline - self harm, unstable relationalships, impulsive behavior, trouble managing emotions
6.A) In major depression, brain's hippocampus may shrink in volume.
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.