Please help with my homework I am struggling with, thank you: Compare and contra

Question

Please help with my homework I am struggling with, thank you:

Compare and contrast prototype theory and theory-based view of category representation, Explain which one better explains how knowledge is represented.

People may organize concepts through the use of schemas. Explain some of the drawbacks of using schemas. Should models of cognitive processing try to explain general concepts, or should they focus on the processing of one type of information? For example, should a theory attempt to account for the processing of both language and music or should it focus on just one? Why or why not?

Compare and contrast procedural and declarative knowledge. Explain in what types of situations procedural knowledge might be more important than declarative knowledge.

Explanation / Answer

Prototype theory of categorical representation suggest that an individual identifies and understands the world based on the mental images and characteristics he/she assigns to an event or object. For example, he identifies a group of fire-fighters based on his mental representation of their uniform, colour and phenotype characteristics, as encoded in his memory earlier. On the other hand, theory based view of category representation is guided by knowledge which is based on inter-relation between facts, concepts and features of an object. For example, identification of the planet Saturn is based on the factual knowledge of the rocky particles and water composition that orbits around it. The similarity between the two types of category representation is that both helps us to classify, identify and draw inferences about the world around us. Schema is a way of encoding, processing and retaining information. It helps us in understanding how an individual interpret, classifies and make inferences about the information he perceives. However, how these schemas are acquired and how they particularly influence our cognitive process is not clear. Moreover , personal schemas may distort, create baisness and aid in overlooking important specific characteristics of an event. Model of cognitive processing must focus on particularity of the information being recieved. For example , theory should attempt to account for the processing of either language or music, not both. This would undo the personal biasness the often corrupts our understanding of music in particular.We often tend to select and attend the information that is consistent with our already acquired schemas , which disrupts our understanding of an event in its sum. Therefore, model of cognitive processing should identify, understand and explain individual information, rather than its general properties. Procedural knowledge is defined as the knowledge that requires the processing of sequence , rules, norms that facilitates our motorand cognitive skills. It is an implicit knowledge. On the other hand, declarative knowledge is a factual based knowledge that one acquires.It is also known as the descriptive knowledge of memory and is explicit in nature as it consists of information that is explicitly stored and recieved. Procedural knowledge might be more important in situations where an individual is riding a bike. The set of logics, rules and sequence of motor activities that is needed to ride a bike is implicit and is retained while engaging in this activity.  

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