Two women go to their doctor with suspected thyroid disorders to get their thyro
ID: 3473388 • Letter: T
Question
Two women go to their doctor with suspected thyroid disorders to get their thyroid hormone levels tested via their blood serum. The results of those tests are the following:
- Patient 1 shows a low level of Thyroxine (T4) and a high level of TSH.
- Patient 2 shows a high level of Thyroxine (T4) and a low level of TSH.
Both patients are diagnosed with thyroid disorders. Based on these lab results, answer the following:
Briefly describe how the secretion of Thyroid hormones is controlled by a negative feedback system.
What is the diagnosis for Patient 1? What are the symptoms of this disorder?
What is the diagnosis for Patient 2? What are the symptoms of this disorder?
Explanation / Answer
A)Throxine(T4) AND Triido thyronine(T3) are the hormones produced by throid gland.These negative feedback system control T3 and T4 hormes, and this system is controlled by Hypothalamus, Anterior Pitutary gland and Throid gland.The hypothalamus releases a hormone called Thyrotropin releasing horme(TRH) which inturn stimulates Pitutatary Gland to relaese a hormone called TSH(Throid stimulating hormone) which inturn stimulates the thyoid gland to release the hormone called T4(Throxine) and T3(Tri ido Thronine).Now TSH binds with receptor called TSHR present on throid gland.It is a G-Protien coupled receptor.This is how negative feed back system regulated the throid stimulation system.This system allow to maintain the constant level of throid hormones(T3,T4)
Patient 1- showing low level of T4(Throxine) and high level of TSH
Symptoms:The normal range of TSH is 0.4-4.0 milliinternational units per litre,any thing under this range is low level and sympotms include.If TSH level hign then ,then we have underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism.sympotms include fatigue,weakness,hairloss,cold intolerance,muscle aches,muscle cramps.
Diagnosis: Hypothroidism
Patient -2 High level of Throxine(T4) and low level of TSH( Thyroid stimulating hormone):
Diagnosis: Hyperthyrodism- The TSH released by pitutary will be decreased in it.
symptoms: Appetite change,insomnia, mental distrubences, nervousness,vision changes, dizziness,increased sweating.
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