Question 2 ___________ controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal

Question

Question 2 ___________ controls the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex.

ADH ,TSH ,FSH ,ACTH, Neural stimulation via sympathetic neurons

Question 3 One of the least complicated of the endocrine regulatory mechanisms is humoral regulation, in which the endocrine gland directly responds to changing blood levels of ions and nutrients. Which of the following hormones is released as a result of such a change?

a. thyroid-stimulating hormone b. testosterone c. cortisol d. insulin e. thyroid hormone

Question 4 The regulatory pathway that stimulates release of T3 and T4 from the thyroid gland includes the hormones

a. TSH & PRL b. TRH & TIH c. TRH & TSH d. TRH & ACTH e. TRH &hGH

Question 5 Epinephrine consists of a modified amino acid, whereas, cortisol is derived from cholesterol. Therefore, epinephrine is classified as a ___________ and cortisol is classified as a _____________.

monoamine; peptide steroid; catecholamine peptide; steroid monoamine; steroid steroid; peptide

Question 6 Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called ?

prostaglandins. insulin-like growth factors. glucocorticoids. glucagons. somatostatins.

Question 7 Follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormone influence ?

blood sugar. the reproductive cycl,. lactation, labor contractions. the wake/sleep cycle.

Question 8 The ___ secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.

thymus ,thyroid gland ,parathyroid glands, pineal gland, pituitary gland

Question 9 A major effect of growth hormone on its target cells is to promote ___________.

carbohydrate catabolism, lipid storage ,heat production ,protein synthesis ,the use of proteins for energy production

Question 10 Transection (cutting) of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract, but NOT the hypophyseal portal venules, would prevent the secretion of which of the following?

anterior pituitary hormones, releasing and inhibiting hormones, posterior pituitary hormones, anterior and posterior pituitary hormones

Question 11 Which of the following is secreted in response to electrical signals traveling along the hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract?

adrenocorticotropic hormone ,oxytocin ,estrogen, thyroid-releasing hormone ,epinephrine

Question 12 Many hours after a meal, alpha cells in the pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans)

secrete insulin, which raises blood glucose,. glucocorticoids, which raise blood glucose. insulin, which lowers blood glucose. glucagon, which raises blood glucose. glucagon, which lowers blood glucose.

Question 13 The ________________ releases epinephrine into the blood stream in response to neural stimulation by the sympathetic division of the ANS.

adrenal cortex ,adrenal medulla, liver ,anterior pituitary gland ,hypothalamus

Question 14 When the action of one hormone is needed before a second hormone can produce an effect, the hormonal interaction is

a. antagonistic b. humoral c. down-regulating d. permissive e. synergistic

Question 15 Which of the following endocrine glands/tissues is NOT located in the head?

hypothalamus, thymus gland ,anterior pituitary gland, pineal gland, posterior pituitary gland

Question 16 The ___ secrete(s) ___, which promotes Na+ and water retention.

adrenal medulla; epinephrine kidneys; antidiuretic hormone pancreas; cortisol adrenal cortex; aldosterone thyroid; calcitonin

Question 18 Which of the following hormones reaches its target cells by traveling through the hypophyseal portal system?

corticotropin-releasing hormone, insulin growth hormone ,antidiuretic hormone ,cortisol

Question 19 Endocrine cells

a. are a type of nerve cell. b. release their secretions onto an epithelial surface. c. circulate within the blood stream. d. release their secretions directly into bodily fluids. e. are located only within discrete endocrine glands.

Question 21 Both follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone are needed for adequate sperm production to occur. Therefore, these hormones function ________________.

supplementally, permissively ,synergistically, antagonistically, inductively

Question 22 Much of the enzymatic degradation of hormones to neutralize their effects occurs in the

a. spleen b. liver c. pancreas d. gall bladder e. stomach

Question 23 A cell's ability to respond to a hormone is determined by the

a. cell's proximity to the gland that secreted the hormone. b. thickness of the cell's plasma membrane. c. size of the hormone molecules. d. presence or absence of appropriate receptors in the cell or on the cell surface. e. presence of intracellular enzymes that can metabolize the hormone.

24 The hypothalamus controls secretions of the anterior pituitary by way of?

altering ion concentrations in the anterior pituitary, direct mechanical control, . gap junctions., releasing and inhibiting hormones., direct neural stimulation.

Explanation / Answer

2) The release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex is controlled by adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). ACTH is secreted by the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary gland).

TSH stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine. ADH causes increased tubular reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts of nephrons. FSH stimulates ovaries to produce ovum. Neural stimulation via sympathetic neurons causes release of adrenaline from adrenal medulla.

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