The four solutions in the figure have different solute concentrations, indicated

Question

The four solutions in the figure have different solute concentrations, indicated by the varying number of black circles in each beaker. Thus, solution (b) has the greatest solute concentration. Use the terms hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic to make the following comparisons: Compare solution (a) with solution (b): Solution (a) is Solution (b) is Compare solution (a) with solution (c): Solution (a) is Solution (c) is Does your description of solution (a) differ in the two comparisons? Explain why Which two solutions are isotonic? Explain why. Osmosis refers to the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. The net movement of water across this is that the net movement of water will be from a solution with a lower total solute concentration (a hypotonic solution) to a solution with a higher total solute concentration (a hypertonic

Explanation / Answer

1. Compare solution (a) with solution (b)

Solution (a) is hypotonic to solution (b).

Solution (a) has lesser solute concentration than solution (b). Solution (a) has five solute particles while solution (b) has seven solute particles.

Solution (b) is hypertonic to solution (a).

Solution (b) has higher solute concentration than solution (a). Solution (b) has seven solute particles while solution (a) has five solute particles.

2. Compare solution (a) with solution (c)

Solution (a) is hypertonic to solution (c).

Solution (a) has higher solute concentration than solution (c). Solution (a) has five solute particles while solution (c) has three solute particles.

Solution (c) is hypotonic to solution (a).

Solution (c) has lesser solute concentration than solution (a). Solution (c) has three solute particles while solution (a) has five solute particles.

3. Does your description of solution (a) differ in the two comparisons? Explain why.

Solution (a) is hypotonic with respect to solution (b) but hypertonic with respect to solution (c). This is because in both the comparisions, the solutions differ in their solute concentration with respect to solution (a). Solution (b) has higher solute concentration than solution (a) whereas, solution (c) has lower solute concentration than solution (a).

4. Which two solutions are isotonic? Explain why.

Solution (c) and solution (d) are isotonic to each other. This is because the solute concentration of both these solutions is equal. Both solution (c) and (d) have three solute particles.

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