The aorta, the largest artery in the body (in diameter), carries oxygen rich blo
ID: 3475049 • Letter: T
Question
The aorta, the largest artery in the body (in diameter), carries oxygen rich blood away from the heart as it begins the systemic blood flow circuit throughout the body. Owing to the fact that the aorta connects directly to the heart, the blood pressure inside the aorta is very high. As blood travels further from the heart, the BP gradually decreases. For example, the BP in the aorta is greater than in the breachial artery; the BP in the brachial artery is greater thanin the antecubidal artery; the NP in the antecyubidal artery is greater than in the radial artery. Based on the understanding that walls of the aorta are subjected to etreme outward pressure, hypothesize the order of specific tissue types one would expect to find in the aortic wall starting from thelumen surface and explain your rationale.
Explanation / Answer
To tolerate high blood pressure in aorta, it must make of cells having stiffness and elasticity. The lumen part of aorta is highly important for extending the surface; this area must have higher percentage of elastic fibres than collagen. Elastic fibres provide elasticity while collagen fibres provide stiffness. Other types of cells that should present must capable to provide smooth surface for free flow of blood. Therefore, the inner region or lumen surface must have squamous epithelium with elastic and collagen fibres.
The mid region of the lumen must have equal percentage of stiffness and elasticity. Here stiffness can exceed by presence of muscle cells. The mid region of lumens are generally have high numbers of live cells because they get protection from outer inner environment and able to response for stimulus. Therefore, it must contain smooth muscle and fibres.
The upper region of the lumen must have higher percentage of stiffness than elasticity. It will provide strength to aorta for not expanding too much to explore. However, the aorta should have to show some elasticity therefore, it must contain some elastic fibres. Here the stiffness would increase by collagens.
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