double check my answers please thank you 1. Transmembrane potential is A. reduce
ID: 3475144 • Letter: D
Question
double check my answers please thank you
1. Transmembrane potential is
A. reduced if the Na+-K+- ATPase is made inoperable
B. usually negative inside relative to the outside
C. Determined by the ionic charge distribution on either side of the cell membrane
D. All of the above
E None of the above
2. Which column of the table (A or B) most likely represents expected ionic concentration inside the cell
A. A
B. B
C. Neither A nor B
D. Both A and B could be intracellular
3)The successful propagation of an action potential depends upon
A. the value of the membrane length constant.
B. the value of the membrane capacitance
C the presence of voltage-gated channels
D. high external concentration of Na.
E all of the above
4) Myelin
A. actively regulates action potential propagation
B. Is an electrical insulator
C. is principally composed of protein
D. Squeezes the axons down to a smaller diameter
E. Increases membrane capacitance
5) What advantages does an electrical synapse have over a chemical synapse
A. it introduces a much smaller conduction delay
B. Is more completely maintains the strength of depolarization from pre-post-synaptic cell.
C. it reduces the vesicular transport required of the pre-synaptic cell
D)of current into the extracellular fluid
6) Where are both inhibitory & excitatory inputs happening at the same time?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
7) what antagonist will obstruct the neurotransmitter action at E?
A. a-adrenergic blocker phentolamine
B. B-adrenergic blocker propranolol
C. muscarinic blocker atropins
D. nicotinic blocker curare
E. None of the above
8) the spinal stretch reflex is activated if
A The muscle spindle is stretched
B The spindle muscle (extrafusal) fibers are inhibited
C The Ia sensory nerve is blocked
D The dorsal root of the spinal cord is out
9) When picking up a load the muscle spindle helps fine-tune the contractile force by
A. having its units activated to prevent spindle stretch
B. Increasing 1a afferent nerve frequency
C. directly facilitating the contraction pathway from the CNS
D. doing nothing
10) Brain input (central- from the motor cortex) to motor units
A. act primarily through the Ia afferent pathway
B. Are usually secondary reflex pathways in generating movement
C. are flow-tuned by input from other brain areas
D. are faster than reflex pathways
mEq/)(mEq/ 74 14 155 Protein Sodium-Na 140 Caloum-Ca 26 10 | 120 chloride . a icarbonate-HCO Po. non electrolvte 10 113 10 27 10Explanation / Answer
Transmembrane potential will get reduced if the Na+-K+ ATPase is not operative, keeps negative charge inside and positive charge outside and is determined by the distribution of the electric charge on both sides of the nerve cell membrane.
2. B.
In the resting membrane potential, there will be more of negative charge inside. So, in the case of A, more positive charges are present compared to that of B. Therefore, A has to be representing outside and B should represent inside the cell.
3. E.
The values of membrane length constant and capacitance have to be more to reduce the resistance of the action potential propogation. The presence of voltage gated channels and the concentration of sodium ions outside also determine the successful propogation of the action potential.
4. A, B and E
Myelin sheath is made up of proteins, phospholipids and cholesterol. It insulates the nerve fiber and allows the conduction of electric impulses very fast through the nerve axons. It enhances the membrane capacitance. It also regulates the movement of action potential as the impulses transmit from one node to another quickly and efficiently.
5. B.
Electric synapse allows bidirectional flow of current while chemical synapse allows the unidirectional flow of current. So, the repolarization and depolarization stages are immediately shifted and maintained effectively.
6. B.
In 2nd position of the diagram, the resistance for the flow of current as well as the stimuli for the nerve impulse transmission is shown.
7. D.
Only the nicotinic blocker curare will act as an antagonist to the nerve impulse transmission. All the other blockers are meant for blood circulation.
8. A.
The muscle spindle and stretch reflex are functional to protect the body from meeting any damage or injury due to extreme stretching.
9. A.
10. C.
The impulse transmits into the spinal cord towards the medulla, pons, midbrain and then towards the upper motor neuron and then to the motor nerve cells.
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