QUESTION 12 In relation to time constants in the lungs: O A longer time constant

Question

QUESTION 12 In relation to time constants in the lungs: O A longer time constant is found in diseases with high elastance O A longer time constant means that a larger amount of gas exits the lung early in expiration Conditions that narrow the airway increase the value of the time constant Conditions with short time constants tend to cause air trapping at end-expiration QUESTION 13 Which one of the following statements is most correct regarding the diaphragm? A shortened diaphragm contracts more forcefully than a long diaphragm The diaphragm rises during inspiration The diaphragm becomes lengthened in emphysema Expiration to a lower lung volume may be followed by a stronger contraction of the diaphragm

Explanation / Answer

Ans12 C is correct answer

The Lungs time constants are referred to the time taken for the filling or emptying of the lung and represent as the product of compliance and resistance:

TC=CXR, where TC is time constant, C is compliance, R is resistance

For Normal Lungs Time constant = 0.2 sec, Asthma Tc= 0.4 sec

Long Time Constant results in alveoli that fill slowly on inspiration, so take more time to empty

Short Time Constant results in alveoli that fill and empty quickly. Expiratory airway resistance is usually higher than inspiratory resistance.

a) Disease with high elastance decrease the resistance due to time constant is shorter than longer

b) Longer time constant means that small amount of gas exit early in the expiration

c) If Narrow the airways than increasing the value of time constant

d)SHort time constant tend to release air trapping at the end of expiration

Ans. 13 a is Correct answer

a) Short diaphragm contract more forcefully than long diaphragm

b) During inspiration Diaphragm Contract/tighten due to that space in chest cavity increase and lungs expand.

c) Emphysema is a lung disease due to that lungs lost its elasticity and chest wall and ribs begin to expand and become overinflated. This result shortened the diaphragm.

d) Expiration lowers the lung volume followed by relaxation of Diaphragm.

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