each. Make sure to know all the components 3CKnow and describe the mechanism of
ID: 3475719 • Letter: E
Question
each. Make sure to know all the components 3CKnow and describe the mechanism of enzyme activity. In your discussion explain how enzymes lower activation energy. Explain what factors influence the function of the enzyme. Identify four structure of the protein and provide example of each. know and compare the structure and function of tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap le junctions, List several roles of membrane proteins,List the phases of (including mitotic phase) and describe the events of cach Know the different levels of structural organization that make up human body and xplain their relationships. List the 11 organ systems of the body and briefly explain the ajor function(s) of each system. Explain homeostasis (make sure to include all the components) and negative/positive feedback mechanism and explain the role of each in maintaining body homeostasis.Explanation / Answer
3.Protein catalysts that speedup the rate of chemical reaction is called enzyme. The active site of enzyme binds to the substrate, which causes changes in the electron distribution of chemical bonds of substrate. This causes reactions that lead to the formation of products. Active site of enzyme has unique shape complementary to the shape of substrate.
Lock and key theory and induced fit theory best explains the enzyme substrate reaction. As per induced fit theory the substrate changes the shape of enzyme to make it better fit with the substrate.
Enzymes lower the activation energy of reaction by binding to substrate and place substrates in a specific orientation. Thus substrate and catalytic groups come close to each other and thus decrease the amount of energy needed for substrate-catalytic group interaction. They also decrease the inherent motion of substrates and their catalytic groups by locking them together.
Factors that affect rate of reaction are temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration and presence of some inhibitors or activators. With rising temperature and enzyme concentration the rate of enzyme activity increases and vice-versa. Enzymes best work at neutral pH. With the increase in substrate concentration enzyme activity decreases and vice-versa.
The four protein structures are :
1 primary structure : it is sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.eg insulin hormone.
2. Secondary structure : Folded structure formed within polypeptide chain.
3. Tertiary structure : it is the 3-D structure of polypeptide chain.
4. Quaternary structure : multiple polypeptide chains come together and form quaternary structure.
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