3. Based on their shape, the sternum and ribs are classified as fia 4. Name two

Question

3. Based on their shape, the sternum and ribs are classified as fia 4. Name two organs protected by the thoracic cage. 5. What bones, besides the ribs, articulate with the sternum? clavical MAKE THE CONNECTION 1. Traumatic brain injuries often lead to accumulation of fluid around the brain. bones. Heart In infants, this can lead to compression of the nervous tissue and expansion of the skull Explain what structure allows this expansion. How is this different from what may happen in an adult? "Cleft palate" is a congenital defect. 2. Which bones are involved in this defect? List the functions of the newborn that get affected: For the following abnormal curves, describe the region of the vertebral column that is affected: 3. Abnormal Curve Description Scoliosis Kyphosis Lordosis

Explanation / Answer

It is a condition of hydrocephalous in which there is increase in intracranial pressure due to accumulation of csf.in hydrocephalous there is compression of nervous tissue and expansion of skull.

In infant skull bone has not fused and venrticular pressure is tranmitted through the parenchyma to the outer surface of brain.buldging of fontanelle and soft spots between the skull.expansion of skull relieve some pressure.

Hydrocephalous in adult causes symptom llike -headache ,nausea and vomiting ,double vision,disturbance in learning and memory.problem in gait.

No.2 cleft palate -it occurs due to incomplete fusion of plate of skull i.e,hard palate with each other.it may be complete or incomplete .due to incomplte fusion of lateral palatine process,median palatine process,medial nasal process.

Function of newborn that get affected -speech problem( hypernasal voice resonance ,pronounciation problem,nasal emission of voice,hearing problem,frequent ear infection,impared psychological developement.

No.3 kyphosis -it is the outward curvatute of thoracic spine at the level of ribs .it can also occur in cervical and lumbar spine.

Scoliosis -it is tge abnormal sideway curvature of spine.it may be small or large.when more than 10° it is abnormal.

Lordosis-it is the inward curvature of thoracic spine above the level of buttock

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