1. What are the basic functions of the spinal cord? 2. Descibe the different lay

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1. What are the basic functions of the spinal cord? 2. Descibe the different layers of the spinal meninges in elaborating the process of spinal tap [lumber puncture). What are some of the clinical applications of spinal tap? Why would it be safer for a medical professional to do a spinal tap below L37 Draw a sketch to demonstrate your understanding. 3. Draw a labeled sectional view of human spinal cord to demonstrate understanding why is the epidural space a preferred target for injecting anesthetic to block pain impulses from the pelvic area during childbirth? 4. Describe the anatomy of a nerve organization using the terms: endoneurium, perineurium, fascicles, and epineurium. 5. What is meant by the dorsal and ventral roots of a spinal nerve? Which of these is sensory and which is motor? Where 6. Give an anatomical explanation as to why a stroke in the right cerebral hemisphere can paralyze the limbs on the left 7. How are the spinal tracts named? What approach would you take to easily identify if a tract is sensory or a motor are the somas of the dorsal root located? Where are the somas of the ventral root? side of the body. Demonstrate understanding of the concept of decussation. tract? which of the following are sensory tracts B. posterior columns and vestibulospinal D. anterior corticospinal and anterior spinothalamic A. lateral spinothalamic and lateral corticospinal C. anterior spinothalamic and posterior columns E. posterior spinocerebellar and lateral corticospinal 8. What is all 31 pairs of spinal nerves are considered mixed nerve? Define nerve plexus; name four major nerve plexi; identify the specific ventral rami forming each plexus. Identify body structures / parts served by major nerves from each plexus. Check the lab worksheet - you will complete a table with pertinent information on this. 9. There are key muscles used in neurologic testing to for motor function along with the movement and corresponding neurologic root. Complete the following table by filing in the blanks: One example is given. Nerve Root Agonist Muscle(e) and Synergist Elbow flexion Elbow extension Wrist extension Finger abduction liopsoas 2 Knee extension Ankle dorsiflexion Ankle plantar flexion Big toe extension 10. After severely injuring her hip and an accident a woman was unable to extend her right leg. Name the nerve that was most probably damaged. 11. A man was in an accident and severed his spinal cord between C6 and C7. What could be the possible consequence? 12. In the spinal cord, the somas of the lower motor neurons are found in C. dorsal root ganglia B. ventral horns A. dorsal horns 13. What are the clinical signs and implications for upper motor neuron injury vs. lower motor neuron injury? Where are these types of injury most likely to occur?

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Basic function of the spinal cord are following-

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