Please read and answer to both following chronic disease discussion topics liste

Question

Please read and answer to both following chronic disease discussion topics listed below. Make sure that as you are addressing the exercise program design you cover all areas of FITT principle which includes the different modalities/types of exercise (aerobic, stretching, strength, etc). Use your creativity to come up with ways to increase exercise adherence while addressing the health concerns of each condition.

CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Address how CHD affects the U.S. population and how you feel the country is doing in addressing the risk factors contributing to CHD risk (support your opinion with evidence/statistics/etc). Also, applying information that you have learned in the text, discuss your strategy for designing an exercise program for a patient with CHD risk that has a history of low exercise adherence.

OBESITY
In your perspective, what are the driving influential factors behind the obesity "epidemic" in the US? Design an exercise program strategy for a severely obese client while considering the challenge of co-morbidities and physical limitations related to body weight. Also address testing and training modifications necessary for participants who are obese as these clients are known to have an increased risk for joint injury and arthritis among other complications.

DIABETES
Studies have shown that patients with diabetes who are left to exercise on their own time are unsuccessful over 90% of the time at controlling their blood glucose levels. Discuss the effects of exercise on diabetes and special program considerations for participants who have diabetes. Design a comprehensive workout program that focus on how to help diabetic clients maintain glucose control before, during, and after exercise and stick to the program.

Explanation / Answer

Coronary heart disease

CHD is the coronary heart disease where plaques build up in a coronary blood vessels. these plaques block the coronary arteries supplying the heart. When this happens there lies a situation of imbalance between increased demand of oxygen and reduced supply. This is where it results in heart attack.

The 2016 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics update of the American Heart Association (AHA) has recently reported that 15.5 million persons 20 years of age in the USA have CHD. whilst the reported prevalence increases with age for both women and men and it has been estimated that approximately every 42 seconds, an American will suffer for an MI.

hence this had to be prevented since it is fatal for the future generation. This can be prevented mainly by exercise programs adopted in day today activities. Large muscle group, continuous exercise, such as walking, jogging, bicycling, swimming, group aerobics, and rowing, is appropriate for cardiovascular endurance conditioning. Upper extremity exercises performed with arm ergometers may also be utilized for those who cannot tolerate lower extremity activity for orthopedic or other reasons, and for patients whose occupational or recreational activities are dominated by arm work. Strength training is also beneficial for selected patients.

But population which are exposed to CHD having family history etc can adopt some exercise module to prevent CHD. This includes walking, jogging, Gym, Squatting. This can be done by yong people also in day to day schedule to prevent CHD.

obesity

It is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.Obesity is a complex, multifactorial, and largely preventable disease , affecting, along with overweight, over a third of the world’s population today . If secular trends continue, by 2030 an estimated 38% of the world’s adult population will be overweight and another 20% will be obese . In the USA, the most dire projections based on earlier secular trends point to over 85% of adults being overweight or obese by 2030 . While growth trends in overall obesity in most developed countries seem to have leveled off , morbid obesity in many of these countries continues to climb, including among children. In addition, obesity prevalence in developing countries continues to trend upwards toward US levels.

The epidemic of overweight and obesity presents a major challenge to chronic disease prevention and health across the life course around the world. Fueled by economic growth, industrialization, mechanized transport, urbanization, an increasingly sedentary lifestyle, and a nutritional transition to processed foods and high calorie diets over the last 30 years, many countries have witnessed the prevalence of obesity in its citizens double, and even quadruple.

Hence exercise programs have to be implemented in all age group. This helps in combatting the risks of obesity.

it includes Walking atleast 15 minutes a day initially and gradually increasing the duration, Swimming. Strength training program which includes Squatting, push up can be done at home. These exercises are safe for the obese population.

Diabetes

Since exercise on their own is unsuccessful, it will be very useful in group classes which includes Aiming for 30 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise at least 5 days a week or a total of 150 minutes per week. other aerobic exercise like walking, jogging, cycling. And some strength training exercise like push ups, lifting weights. These are simple exercises which can be done in group may be at working place, schools, housewifes.

Now coming to workout program , before doing any of this recommended exercises diabetics has to follow few guidelines to maintain optimum blood glucose level. it includes

If blood glucose is less than 100 mg/dl immediately after exercise Increase carbohydrates before exercise.

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