How should a bloody nose be treated? A) Patient should sit upright with a cold c

Question

How should a bloody nose be treated?

A) Patient should sit upright with a cold compress placed over the nose and the carotid artery on the same side while finger pressure is applied to the affected nostril for 5 minutes.

B) The patient should blow their nose to get all of the blood out, then place a cold compress over the nose and the carotid artery on the same side while finger pressure is applied to the affected nostril for 15 minutes.

C) The patient should blow their nose to get all of the blood out, then place a cold compress over the nose and the carotid artery on the same side while finger pressure is applied to the affected nostril for 5 minutes.

D) Patient should lean their head back with a cold compress placed over the nose and the carotid artery on the same side while finger pressure is applied to the affected nostril for 5 minutes.

Explanation / Answer

EPISTAXIS - Epistaxis is defined as bleeding from the nostril, nasal cavity, or nasopharynx. Nosebleeds are due to the bursting of a blood vessel within the nose. This may be spontaneous or caused by trauma. Nosebleeds are rarely life threatening and usually stop on their own. Nosebleeds can be divided into 2 categories, based on the site of bleeding: anterior (in the front of the nose) or posterior (in the back of the nose).

TREATMENT -

1. Sit up straight, and tip your head slightly forward.not tilt your head back. This may cause blood to be swallowed. Use your thumb and forefinger to firmly pinch the soft part of your nose shut. The nose consists of a hard, bony part and a softer part made of cartilage. This cause compression of carotid artery on the same side while finger pressure is applied to the affected nostril for 5 minutes. Apply an ice pack to your nose and cheeks. Cold will constrict the blood vessels and help stop the bleeding.

2. Chemical cauterization with silver nitrate is also used for control of epistaxis not controlled by local application of pressure. When these methods are not effective, anterior or posterior packing might be necessary. Packing can be absorbable or non-absorbable.

3. For complicated nose bleeds, another method of treatment is angiographic embolization of the internal maxillary artery

4.
Direct surgical ligation or clipping is an increasing popular alternative to embolization. The traditional approach for ligation of the anterior and posterior ethmoids artery is via an external facial incision.

So therefore the answer is A -  Patient should sit upright with a cold compress placed over the nose and the carotid artery on the same side while finger pressure is applied to the affected nostril for 5 minutes.

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