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Question

9:43 AM a canvas.park.edu Submit Assignment Points 16 Due Sunday by 11:59pm Submitting a file upload Post to Submit Assignment by Sunday night 1. Every time Spike went to a boxing match, he wanted to seea knockout. Finally his friend explained what happens when someone gets knocked out. What is the explanation? What might be the repercussions? 2. Explain how the hypothalamus of the brain and the autonomic 3. Explain the difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic 4. What are the differences between myelinated and unmyelinated nervous system allow us to fight or flee in a stressful situation. responses axons? Which conducts axon potentials (nerve impulses) more rapidly? Why? 5. Describe the difference between the functions of the cerebrum and cerebellum. The following rubric will be used to score your homework postings. Question 1 Explanation of event and the repercussions Question 2Explanation of fight or flight reaction Question 3 Sympathetic and parasympathic differences explained Question 4 Differences of the axons explained and speed of conduction 0-3 pts 0-3 pts 0-4 pts 0-3 pts

Explanation / Answer

1.knockout in boxing is the ultimate moment when the boxer does through physiological disorientation and is unable to continue with the fight.it is caused by lots of repeated Concussions.knock out can be a blurry vision, loss of limb coordination, balance disordering or body going numb.it leads to loss of consciousness.A knock out can have short as well as long-term repercussions on the health of the athlete.

A hit with a heavy blow causes the brain to shake inside the head and so do the nerves and blood vessels that are connected to the brain. an impactful blow to the skull causes a neurochemical reaction in the brain cells that cause cell death and more brain tissue loss as the cells die. Every hard blow to the bain causes an electrochemical disbalance in the brain.With each successive blow, this balance becomes harder and harder to maintain, and more and more energy must be spent putting back the stability.thus the brain eventually shuts down. in the long run, a knockout,:

2 in the stressful situations, the autonomic nervous system is the main controller of the mechanism of the fight-or-flight response.thisb starts with the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system which activates the physiological changes to cope with the situation by releasing hormone norepinephrine and ends with the parasympathetic division of the same to return back to resting state The cascade of events is as follows:

1. sensing a stressful situation, hypothalamus of the brain, on being triggered by impulses from the amygdala region of the brain, triggers the pituitary gland for secretion of the hormone Adrenocorticotropic hormone.

2.simultaneous activation of adrenal gland via the sympathetic nervous system releases the hormone epinephrine. adrenal gland activation leads to release of cortisol which increases blood pressure, blood sugar and suppresses the immune system.

3.the released epinephrine goes and binds to the liver and causes the production of glucose to make more energy available to the body.

4. other physiological changes like Increased blood flow to the muscles by diverting blood flow from other parts of the body and Increased blood pressure, heart rate, blood sugars, and fats to generate more energy give the body increased strength and speed to cope up in the situation.

Parasympathetic response

Sympatheic response

Control the body's response while at rest

and activates Rest and digest responce

Activates body response during stressful situations, including the fight-or-flight mechanism of the body

Its general action is to restore body to a state of calm.

It acts to speed up, tense up, alert the body. shut down of functions not critical to survival

Leads to Decrease in the heart rate

Increse in heart rate

Leads to muscular relaxation

Leadsto muscular constriction

Leads to increased saliva prodiction

Leads to decrease in saliva production

Pupil constriction

Leads to pupil dilation

Cerebrum

cerebellum

cerebrum controls the motor functions of the brain like touch sensation, organization, processing information

cerebellum controls the motion and position of the body like balance, position, equilibrium and muscle coordination

Controls the voluntary activities

Controls the involuntary activities

4 electrical potentials travel faster on myelinated axons than on unmyelinated ones. because of the presence of myelin which is an insulating layer, which helps to actually conduct signals through the axon at a much faster speed than unmyelinated axons.