1. As red blood cells flow through the capillaries of the alveolus, the enzyme c
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Question
1. As red blood cells flow through the capillaries of the alveolus, the enzyme carbonic anhydrase is important in
A. inducing a shift to the right in the blood oxygenation curve of a human
B. facilitating the production of carbamino hemoglobin
C. facilitating the production of CO2 in red blood cells
D. facilitating the binding of protons (H+) to albumin in the plasma
E. shifting the blood oxygenation curve vertically down
2. An experiment examining ventilation rate is being done with PCO2 levels locked at 38 mmHg. What happens to breathing rate when the partial pressure for oxygen in the alveoli are changed from 100 mmHg to 65 mmHg?
A. nothing happens to breathing rate
B. there is a significant decrease in breathing rate
C. there is a significant increase in breathing rate
D. breathing rate first increases then decreases
E. breathing rate first decrease then increases
3. A patient comes to the hospital breathing very rapidly, continually. The physician makes a diagnosis of kidney damage. What would you expect to find in an analysis of the patient's blood?
A. much higher levels of hemoglobin
B. a decrease in blood pH
C. significantly lower levels of albumin
D. an increase in pH
E. an increase in bicarbonate
4. The value of pKa of bicarbonate
A. is always very close to the value pof the pH of the blood normally
B. is close to the value of the pH of the blood when an individual is breathing rapdily
C. drops when levels of acidity increases in the blood
D. is constant regardless of the levels of free H+
E. becomes larger as more and more buffer is added to the solution
5. a beaker of water is heated from 25 C to 40 C. Which statement about the solution is correct?
A. the pH will increase and the concentration of OH- ions will decrease
B. the pH will increase and the concentration of OH- ions will increase
C. the pH will decrease and the concentration of OH- ions will decrease
D. the pH will decrease and the concentration of OH- ions will increase
E. the pH and OH- concentrations will not change significantly
6. Decreasing oxygen in the air from 120 mmHg to 60 mmHg
A. increases the affinity of hemoglobin CO2
B. significantly changes the base ventillation rate for an individual
C. makes the blood much more acidic
D. makes the blood much more alkaline
E. destroys the cooperative binding of hemoglobin for CO2
7. As partial pressures for oxygen in the air increases, what happens to the slope of the line associated with a graph showing the change in ventillation rate of CO2 increases?
A. it remains the same
B. it becomes steeper
C. it becomes negative
D. it shifts from 6.1 to 7.5
E. none of the above
8. in the cytoplasm of a normal, happy cell the carboxyl end of an amino acid
A. tends to bind to a proton
B. tends to release a proton
C. tends to bind CO2
D. tends to release CO2
E. tends to make bonds with the carboxyl end of an another amino acid
Explanation / Answer
1.Carbonic anhydrase enhances the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons.
C.facilitating the production of CO2 in red blood cells
2. When the partial pressure for oxygen in the alveoli is reduced from 100 mmHg to 65 mmHg, there is a significant increase in breathing rate to compensate the loss.
3. The blood pH increases in case of renal failure, due to metabolic acidosis.
4.pKa of bicarbonate becomes larger as more and buffer is added to the solution as the alkalinity increases.
5. When water is heated, the pH will decrease and the concentration of OH- ions will decrease since water becomes more acidic
6. Decreasing oxygen in the air makes the blood much more acidic.
7.When partial pressure of oxygen increases the pH increases shifting from 6.1 to 7.5
8.Carboxyl end of an amino acid tends to bond with the carboxyl end of another amino acid
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