etiology, signs and symptoms of each lesion, diagnostic procedures used to ident

Question

etiology, signs and symptoms of each lesion, diagnostic procedures used to identify each lesion, and treatment options for each lesion. This chart can be created in a WORD or EXCEL document.

Chart must contain names of basic skin lesions,:Neurodermatits, Impetigo, Scabies, Psoriasis, Folliculitis etc.. etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic procedures, and treatment options. Ensure proper spelling, grammar, formatting, and APA style in-text citations and references are used.

Students may utilize example below for charts:

Lesion Type Etiology Signs and Symptoms Diagnostic Methods Treatment Options

Explanation / Answer

An itchy skin patch or patches.

The leathery or scaly texture on the affected areas.

A raised, rough patch or patches that are red or darker than the rest of your skin.

Anti-inflammatory medicated creams. If over-the-counter corticosteroid cream isn't helping, your doctor may prescribe a stronger version of this drug. A calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus) ointment may help if the vulva is involved.

Corticosteroid injections. Your doctor may inject corticosteroids directly into the affected skin to help it heal.

Anti-itch medications. Prescription antihistamines help relieve itching in many people with neurodermatitis. Some of these drugs may cause drowsiness and help with alleviating scratching while you sleep.

Anti-anxiety drugs. Because anxiety and stress can trigger neurodermatitis, anti-anxiety drugs may help prevent the itchiness.

Light therapy. Exposing the affected skin to particular types of light is sometimes helpful.

Psychotherapy. Talking with a counsellor can help you learn how your emotions and behaviours can fuel — or prevent — itching and scratching.

It is caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria

If the infection is mild, a doctor may only recommend keeping the skin clean.

A more severe infection may need treatment with antibiotics.

The cause of psoriasis isn't fully understood, but it's thought to be related to an immune system problem with T cells and other white blood cells, called neutrophils, in the body.

T cells normally travel through the body to defend against foreign substances, such as viruses or bacteria, the T cells attack healthy skin cells by mistake, as if to heal a wound or to fight an infection.

Overactive T cells also trigger increased production of healthy skin cells, more T cells and other white blood cells, especially neutrophils. These travel into the skin causing redness and sometimes pus in pustular lesions. Dilated blood vessels in psoriasis-affected areas create warmth and redness in the skin lesions.

The process becomes an ongoing cycle in which new skin cells move to the outermost layer of skin too quickly — in days rather than weeks. Skin cells build up in thick, scaly patches on the skin's surface, continuing until treatment stops the cycle.

Red patches of skin covered with thick, silvery scales

Small scaling spots (commonly seen in children)

Dry, cracked skin that may bleed

Itching, burning or soreness

Thickened, pitted or ridged nails

Swollen and stiff joints

Psoriasis patches can range from a few spots of dandruff-like scaling to major eruptions that cover large areas.

Most types of psoriasis go through cycles, flaring for a few weeks or months, then subsiding for a time or even going into complete remission.

Physical exam and medical history. Your doctor usually can diagnose psoriasis by taking your medical history and examining your skin, scalp and nails.

Skin biopsy. Rarely, your doctor may take a small sample of skin (biopsy). He or she will likely first apply a local anaesthetic. The sample is examined under a microscope to determine the exact type of psoriasis and to rule out other disorders.

Technique for microscopic examination of the skin (dermoscopy).

Gram-staining

Medications

Other interventions

Lesion type Etiology Signs & symptoms Diagnostic Methods Treatment options Neurodermatits The involved areas of skin are otherwise normal and healthy – the problem is not the skin but the itching. The cycle of itching and scratching causes the skin to thicken and become scaly. In some cases, neurodermatitis is associated with other skin conditions — such as dry skin, eczema or psoriasis.

An itchy skin patch or patches.

The leathery or scaly texture on the affected areas.

A raised, rough patch or patches that are red or darker than the rest of your skin.

Skin biopsy

Anti-inflammatory medicated creams. If over-the-counter corticosteroid cream isn't helping, your doctor may prescribe a stronger version of this drug. A calcineurin inhibitor (tacrolimus) ointment may help if the vulva is involved.

Corticosteroid injections. Your doctor may inject corticosteroids directly into the affected skin to help it heal.

Anti-itch medications. Prescription antihistamines help relieve itching in many people with neurodermatitis. Some of these drugs may cause drowsiness and help with alleviating scratching while you sleep.

Anti-anxiety drugs. Because anxiety and stress can trigger neurodermatitis, anti-anxiety drugs may help prevent the itchiness.

Light therapy. Exposing the affected skin to particular types of light is sometimes helpful.

Psychotherapy. Talking with a counsellor can help you learn how your emotions and behaviours can fuel — or prevent — itching and scratching.

Impetigo

It is caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria

The main symptoms of impetigo are red sores that burst and ooze before drying up. The doctor will gently wipe a crusted area with a swab to see which germ is causing the impetigo and which antibiotic is most likely to work.

If the infection is mild, a doctor may only recommend keeping the skin clean.

A more severe infection may need treatment with antibiotics.

Scabies Scabies is caused by infection with the ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei, variety hominis. This 0.3- to 0.5-mm mite burrows into the epidermis and tunnels through the stratum corneum, laying 2 to 4 eggs per day. Signs and symptoms of scabies include a skin rash composed of small red bumps and blisters that affects specific areas of the body. Other symptoms can include tiny red burrows on the skin and relentless itching. The itchy skin leads to frequent scratching, which may predispose the skin to secondary infections. A doctor examines skin, looking for signs of mites, including the characteristic burrows. When doctor locates a mite burrow, he or she may take a scraping from that area of your skin to examine under a microscope. Medications commonly prescribed for scabies include: Permethrin cream, 5 percent (Elimite). Permethrin is a topical cream that contains chemicals that kill scabies mites and their eggs. Lindane Lotion. Crotamiton (Eurax). Ivermectin (Stromectol). Psoriasis

The cause of psoriasis isn't fully understood, but it's thought to be related to an immune system problem with T cells and other white blood cells, called neutrophils, in the body.

T cells normally travel through the body to defend against foreign substances, such as viruses or bacteria, the T cells attack healthy skin cells by mistake, as if to heal a wound or to fight an infection.

Overactive T cells also trigger increased production of healthy skin cells, more T cells and other white blood cells, especially neutrophils. These travel into the skin causing redness and sometimes pus in pustular lesions. Dilated blood vessels in psoriasis-affected areas create warmth and redness in the skin lesions.

The process becomes an ongoing cycle in which new skin cells move to the outermost layer of skin too quickly — in days rather than weeks. Skin cells build up in thick, scaly patches on the skin's surface, continuing until treatment stops the cycle.

Red patches of skin covered with thick, silvery scales

Small scaling spots (commonly seen in children)

Dry, cracked skin that may bleed

Itching, burning or soreness

Thickened, pitted or ridged nails

Swollen and stiff joints

Psoriasis patches can range from a few spots of dandruff-like scaling to major eruptions that cover large areas.

Most types of psoriasis go through cycles, flaring for a few weeks or months, then subsiding for a time or even going into complete remission.

Physical exam and medical history. Your doctor usually can diagnose psoriasis by taking your medical history and examining your skin, scalp and nails.

Skin biopsy. Rarely, your doctor may take a small sample of skin (biopsy). He or she will likely first apply a local anaesthetic. The sample is examined under a microscope to determine the exact type of psoriasis and to rule out other disorders.

Used alone, creams and ointments that you apply to your skin can effectively treat mild to moderate psoriasis. When the disease is more severe, creams are likely to be combined with oral medications or light therapy. Folliculitis . It can be caused by an infection (bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic) or have a noninfectious etiology, most commonly as the result of follicular trauma, inflammation, or occlusion. Clusters of small red bumps or white-headed pimples that develop around hair follicles. Pus-filled blisters that break open and crust over. Itchy, burning skin. Painful, tender skin. A large swollen bump or mass.

Technique for microscopic examination of the skin (dermoscopy).

Gram-staining

Medications

• Creams or pills to control infection. For mild infections, your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic cream, lotion or gel. Oral antibiotics aren't routinely used for folliculitis. But for a severe or recurrent infection, your doctor may prescribe them.
• Creams, shampoos or pills to fight fungal infections. Antifungals are for infections caused by yeast rather than bacteria. Antibiotics aren't helpful in treating this type.
• Creams or pills to reduce inflammation. If you have mild eosinophilic folliculitis, your doctor may suggest you try a steroid cream to ease the itching. If you have HIV/AIDS, you may see improvement in your eosinophilic folliculitis symptoms after antiretroviral therapy.

Other interventions

• Minor surgery. If you have a large boil or carbuncle, your doctor may make a small incision in it to drain the pus. This may relieve pain, speed recovery and lessen scarring. Your doctor may then cover the area with sterile gauze in case pus continues to drain.
• Laser hair removal. If other treatments fail, long-term hair removal with laser therapy may clear up the infection. This method is expensive and often requires several treatments. It permanently removes hair follicles, thus reducing the density of the hair in the treated area. Other possible side effects include discoloured skin, scarring and blistering

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse E
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.