Explain why a coach’s role as a motivator is so important during the autonomous

Question

Explain why a coach’s role as a motivator is so important during the autonomous phase of learning?

Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Under what conditions can intrinsic motivation be undermined by positive reinforcement, and what can be done to reduce this danger?

How would you use positive reinforcement to create (a) a task-oriented motivational climate and (b) and ego motivational climate?

What are the ways we can make a sport more autonomy supportive?

A coach’s initial expectations for an individual athlete can vary along two dimensions (accuracy and flexibility). Briefly describe the consequences of the four possible combinations.

Do all coaches show expectancy-biased behavior? Explain what is meant by the term Pygmalion-prone coach.

Describe the stereotypes in the sports setting associated with ethnicity. Explain how such stereotypes may affect selected groups of athletes.

Why are integrated approaches to leadership development applicable in sport?

What is transformational leadership theory? List the four key tenants.

Give at least one example (using a sport of your choice or an exercise class) of a strategy that a coach, fitness leader, or sport psychologist to enhance group cohesiveness using each of the following factors: (a) distinctiveness, (b) individual positions, (c) group norms, (d) individual sacrifices, and (e) interaction and communication.  

Explanation / Answer

1. Explain why a coach’s role as a motivator is so important during the autonomous phase of learning?

The autonomous stage of learning is the final stage of learning where the motor skills have started to become automatic. When the learner reaches this stage, they are able to perform the skill in any environment, where they don’t require much cognitive involvement in performing those skills as compared to the first stage of development. Motivation in this stage is required since the person has already learnt a skill and may be very good at it, but unless the coach gives him appropriate motivation, they would not be able to bring out their best performance. This motivation acts as a fire to make the person bring out great performance along with determination and the drive to reach the utmost goal. This provides mental toughness to people along with having a winning attitude.

2. Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Under what conditions can intrinsic motivation be undermined by positive reinforcement, and what can be done to reduce this danger?

Extrinsic motivation is when the act of performing is driven by the strive to gain a reward or so as to avoid a punishment. Whereas intrinsic motivation is where the person performing an activity is not getting an external reward, but personal rewarding or happiness to self or someone else, and there is not external or materialistic reward driving their actions. This can be influenced by positive reinforcement because there may be lesser intrinsic motivation and it would be replaced by these reinforcements, showing an effect known as overjustification event.

3. How would you use positive reinforcement to create (a) a task-oriented motivational climate and (b) and ego motivational climate?

Positive reinforcement can be used to create both task oriented and ego oriented competitions. For example, if in a race, we would keep the goal that anyone who would finish the race (in a given time) would get a medal of participation, would make a task oriented climate. Whereas, if we change this to anyone finishing the race first would get a medal as well as a trophy, it would lead to ego motivational climate, where one would want to come above or before the other.

4. What are the ways we can make a sport more autonomy supportive?

Autonomy oriented coaching is where a person would be motivated intrinsically rather than extrinsically, and that would drive him forward towards excellence. In order to drive autonomy supportive theory, a coach needs to harbour values such as self determination, self confidence stating that yes they can do it, along with teaching the line between self and over confidence, they theory that it is more important to enjoy what a person is doing because that would bring out the best performance and the fact that in order to be renowned in their field of sports, it is important that they give consistently hood performance and only that would allow them to be persistent.

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