This assignment requires Level 3 Writing Guidelines. Write a paper of approximat

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This assignment requires Level 3 Writing Guidelines. Write a paper of approximately 900 word in which Psychodynamic theories. Explain how this theory relates to a motion picture movie Psycho, Alien, Artificial Intelligence. For example, in the movie Mr. Holland’s Opus, cognitive learning is used to teach the students. Cognitive theory is learning through observation. In the movie, the instructor demonstrated and had a student model the demonstration to prove learning had occurred. Make sure in your reference you give the complete and correct name of the movie so that instructor can locate it and review the movie as well. The movie should be used as one of the 3 references for this paper. Structure your paper as follows: • Introduction: identify the movie and theory • Body: Briefly summarize the movie and theory, and explain how the theory is used in the movie. Also explain any other theories that may be relevant. You should provide specific examples to support your assertion that your selected theory does apply to this movie. • Conclusion: summarize the information presented in your paper and draw any final conclusions related to the theories.

s Theories of P Don't miss this! The word "personality is used to describe the sum total of the Type of Theory physical, mental, emotional, andut De social characteristics of an individual. Though personality socal-Cogtiveneto theorists may disagree on what factors are most influential in the development of one's personality, all theorists believe that personality is the result of mental processes and social interactions. In order to get a better understanding, let's look at a case and determine how this person's personality would be explained by each theory At age 8, Monica was molested by her mother's boyfriend and, as a result, was taken from her mother and put into foster care. For four years, she believed her foster parents to be her grandparents. When one of them died, she was sent back into the care of the state system until she turned 18, got married, and became a stay-at-home mother. The government offered her free tuition to any college in the state, but she declined. At the age of 22, she ended up getting divorced and losing physical custody of her daughter due to her violent nature. Psychodynamic Theory According to Freud's stages of psychosexual development, Monica's violent nature can be attributed to unresolved conflicts of the anal stage. Psychoanalytic theorists might assert that during this stage, Monica's parents were too lenient when they were potty training her leading to an anal-expulsive personality in adulthood. Humanistic Theory Recalling Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, we might say that Monica, at one point in her life, had fulfilled the need for "Love and Belonging but due to an unfulfilled deficiency (such as need for love in an unhappy marriage), a maladjustment was produced causing her to regress down the hierarchy. Enlarpe Carl Rogers, on the other hand, would attribute Monica's lack of ambition and her unstable familial situation to her upbringing since she did not receive unconditional parental love as a child Social-Cognitive Theory A social-cognitive theorist might explain that Monica's unsuccessful marriage is due to the fact that she did not have an opportunity to learn what a healthy relationship looked like. With the information we are given about Monica, we know that her mother also had an unsuccessful love relationship and a disconnected parental relationship. We also know that her foster parents put her back into the state system also suggesting a role model for yet another disconnected parental relationship. Without knowing more information about Monica, it is hard to say for sure exactly what her personality traits are attributed to. However, by looking at the example above, we can see how each type of personality theory compares and contrasts with one another. With which theory do you agree most?

Explanation / Answer

Introduction: In this paper we will be analyzing the movie Psycho using psychodynamic theory. Psychodynamic theory has its foundations in Freud's theories of conscious and unconscious; ego, id and superego; and stages of psychosexual development. In this school of theory, the problems are viewed as conflict of mind or because the individual is still stuck in one of the stages of development. The movie Psycho was directed and produced by Alfred Hitchcock in 1960, and is a very famous horror film. The film mostly centers around characters Marion Crane and Norman Bates and their psychological behaviors.

Freud's theories: Freud's structural theory divides the mind into three "structures:" "id," "ego," and the "superego." The unconscious id consists of primitive desires to satisfy a human's biological needs. It is always motivational, and aggressive. The unconscious superego reins in the id with moral rules and ethical consequences. It is always prohibitory, and logical. The conscious ego acts as the mediator between the two. To defend itself from the id's impulses, the ego develops defense mechanisms like Repression, sublimation, denial, etc. It creates a balance between the Id and Superego.

Freud’s most controversial theory is the 'Psychosexual Stages of Development' through which we all pass and which shapes the nature of our personality. According to Freud, when an excessive amount is libido is poured into a particular stage, fixation results. This stems from too much or too little gratification at each stage. [1] There are 5 stages, namely:

These theories are able to demonstrate and explain why certain habits or personality emerge in people and it tries to explain behavior through childhood experiences. They also emphasize the role of unconscious and defense mechanisms of ego during childhood development which cause abnormal behavior in later stages of life. The Psychodynamic school tries to find out about these abnormal behaviors using these theories.

Summary of 'Psycho': The movie psycho centers around the encounter of Marion and Bates. Marion stole money from her work for her boyfriend Sam, so that they could get married after clearing Sam's debt. On her way to meet him, she stops at a motel owned by Norman Bates in which she is killed by, what we are told as, Norman Bates' mentally ill mother. Later Marion's sister Lila confronts Sam, and then they both with a private investigator (whom the company hired to find Marion) go to the motel where Marion stayed. The investigator is killed off and Lila and Sam uncover the fact that Mrs. Bates died years ago, from a local sheriff. They discover the mummified corpse of Mrs. Bates and find that Norman was the one dressing up as Mrs. Bates and killing of women (as jealous figure of Mother). Psychiatrist explains that Norman had killed his mother and her lover, and out of guilt developed split personality which had taken hold of his mind.

Psychodynamic analysis of the movie: The psychoanalytical view of the movie is illustrated as a parallel between Lila's exploration of the house and the exploration of Bate's divided mind. According to Freudian theory, there is a traumatic incident (matricide) which causes a transfer of guilt (translated in story as Oedipus complex) which causes a loss of "the self" and a deep identification with the victim.

During the ending, the psychiatrist tells about how Norman had unresolved Oedipus Complex to his mother and how he killed her when he felt she had 'thrown him over'. This also led to the 'mother side' wining over his mind. This caused the splitting of mind of Norman into a normal, healthy male mind and a mind of a jealous and controlling mother. In the movie, Norman is also portrayed as someone who has a weak ego which causes him to have a conflicting superego and id. Norman's id becomes powerful when he sees Marion and his superego becomes powerful when he acts as his mother. In both characters, his Id and Superego are at extremes causing rampant actions (like murder).

Conclusion: It can be safely said that the psychodynamic theory is strongly related to the movie ‘Psycho’. The information gathered from the movie is in line with that of Freudian theories. The unresolved Oedipus complex, weak ego and extreme id and superego, the comparison of level of houses to that of spilt mind of Norman (Ground level - Norman acts as normal man, basement - Norman acts as jealous mother). These information concludes the fact that the movie draws its ideas from the Psychodynamic school of theories and analysis.

REFERENCES

[1] - Robert A. Baron. (2001). Psychology - Fifth Edition. New Delhi, India: Pearson Education Inc. and Dorling Kindersley Publishing Inc.

[2] - James C. Coleman. (1969). Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life - Third Edition. Scott, Foresman and Company.

[3] - Alfred Hitchcock (producer and Director). 1960. Psycho [Motion Picture]. United States: Universal Studio.

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