In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of
ID: 3497139 • Letter: I
Question
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
Remember the Grudgers of Chapter 10. These were birds that helped each other in an apparently altruistic way, but refused to help - bore a grudge against - individuals that had previously refused to help them. Grudgers came to dominate the population because they passed on more genes to future generations than either Suckers (who helped others indiscriminately, and were exploited) or Cheats (who tried ruthlessly to exploit everybody and ended up doing each other down).
References:
Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Dawkins (1989) provides the example of the Grudgers where three unique approaches to helping played out to ensure that "Grudgers", those birds that helped each other in an apparently altruistic way, but refused to help individuals that had previously refused to help them, came to outnumber both the so called "Cheats" or "Suckers".
References:
Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
While solitary negative reactions or unjustified suggestions for change have the potential to dissipate discourse rather than build it, the pattern analysis shows that the anonymous condition seemed to provide a safe explorative space for learners to try out more reasons for their multiple solutions. Teachers will rarely give anonymous feedback, but the experience of giving anonymous feedback may open a social space where learners can try out the reasons for their suggestions.
References:
Howard, C. D., Barrett, A. F., & Frick, T. W. (2010). Anonymity to promote peer feedback: Pre-service teachers' comments in asynchronous computer-mediated communication. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 43(1), 89-112.
Teachers don't often provide feedback anonymously, but the ability to provide feedback anonymously may create a context where the rationale associated with specific suggestions can be more safely explored (Howard, Barrett, & Frick, 2010). However, we cannot assume that all anonymous online spaces will serve as safe social spaces.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
It is when all our forces can move freely in us. In nature, this quality is almost automatic, because there are no images to interfere with natural processes of making things. But in all of our creations, the possibility occurs that images can interfere with the natural, necessary order of a thing. And, most of all, this way that images distort the things we make, is familiar in ourselves.
References:
Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.
When Alexander (1979) says that "in all of our creations, the possibility occurs that images can interfere with the natural, necessary order of a thing" (p. 48) he seems to imply that there is one unique right way possible to design a solution to a problem. While this perspective could be considered elitist, some of the most successful products are based on this premise.
References:
Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
The word "comfortable" is more profound than people usually realize. The mystery of genuine comfort goes beyond the simple idea that the word first seems to mean. Places which are comfortable are comfortable because they have no inner contradictions, because there is no little restlessness disturbing them.
References:
Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.
What does it mean to be "comfortable"? Real comfort is a puzzling concept that is more complex than the initial definitions we might come up with. Comfortable locations may be comfortable because "they have no inner contradictions, because there is no little restlessness disturbing them" (Alexander, 1979, p. 32).
References:
Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press USA.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
The design team held weekly meetings during the first semester of work. In addition to these meetings, the team members used emails and a listserv for communication. The team eventually created a website hosted by Google to keep track of all of the decisions made during the design process.
References:
Lara, M. A., Myers, R., Frick, T. W., Aslan, S., & Michaelidou, T. (2010). A design case: Developing an enhanced version of the Diffusion Simulation Game. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 1(1). Retrieved from https://www.indiana.edu/~tedfrick/
aDesignCaseIJDL2010.pdf
One element for describing a design case is outlining the design process and the approach used to document design decisions. For example, the design case associated with the development of an educational game describes weekly team meetings, the technology used for communication between meetings, and exactly how design decisions were documented (Lara, Myers, Frick, Aslan, & Michaelidou, 2010). These types of details would not normally be included in an article reporting on empirical research.
References:
Lara, M. A., Myers, R., Frick, T. W., Aslan, S., & Michaelidou, T. (2010). A design case: Developing an enhanced version of the Diffusion Simulation Game. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 1(1). Retrieved from https://www.indiana.edu/~tedfrick/
aDesignCaseIJDL2010.pdf
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
Participant motivation to engage in these activities can also be enhanced by providing students with an opportunity to help generate the solutions to tactical problems that exist within net/wall games and have input into game creation. The principles provide a framework of tactical solutions that range from simple to complex (i.e., tactical complexity) and promote understanding of these solutions through creating games that exaggerate their importance and relevance in game settings.
References:
Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.
According to Mandigo and Anderson (2003) the principles they present "provide a framework of tactical solutions that range from simple to complex" (p. 11). A central idea is to promote the understanding of these solutions through creating games that exaggerate their importance and relevance in game settings.
References:
Mandigo, J. L., & Anderson, A. T. (2003). Using the pedagogical principles in net/wall games to enhance teaching effectiveness. Teaching Elementary Physical Education, 14(1), 8-11.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
It is not expected that the aspects of a design case which excite the authors are precisely what reviewers see as the case's true points of merit. I was excited to write my design case because I felt it was novel, but novelty is not necessarily an asset to a design case. A design that is unusual or new forces the author to explain its complexity with more precision.
References:
Howard, C. D. (2011). Writing and rewriting the instructional design case: A view from two sides. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 2(1), 40-55.
Coming up with a novel solution is often a good way of getting attention, “but novelty is not necessarily an asset to a design case” that describes in detail how the design solution was arrived at (Howard, 2011). A novel solution to a problem may also meet with resistance from those who are invested in the old ways of doing things.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
The way the U.S. judicial system works, a defendant is first found to be innocent or guilty. The punishment sentence is determined only after a defendant has been found guilty. It might seem that this is a relatively minor procedural issue. Yet, the order of this decision-making can mean the difference between life and death, or even between conviction and acquittal.
References:
Dixit, A. K., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1991).Thinking strategically: The competitive edge in business, politics, and everyday life. New York, NY: Norton.
Decision-making order "can mean the difference between life and death, or even between conviction and acquittal" (Dixit & Nalebuff, 1991, p. 270) which puts the fact that in the U.S. judicial system the punishment sentence is determined only after a defendant has been found guilty into new light. Clearly, this is not a relatively minor procedural issue.
References:
Dixit, A. K., & Nalebuff, B. J. (1991).Thinking strategically: The competitive edge in business, politics, and everyday life. New York, NY: Norton.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
To return to the primeval soup, it must have become populated by stable varieties of molecule; stable in that either the individual molecules lasted a long time, or they replicated rapidly, or they replicated accurately. Evolutionary trends toward these three kinds of stability took place in the following sense: if you had sampled the soup at two different times, the later sample would have contained a higher proportion of varieties with high longevity/fecundity/copying-fidelity.
References:
Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
In the case of the primeval environment of earth, evolution moved towards molecular stability in that “ either the individual molecules lasted a long time, or they replicated rapidly, or they replicated accurately” (Dawkins, 1989). While most would not consider the molecules as living they, nonetheless, showed characteristics of evolution.
References:
Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.
Original Source Material
Student Version
The new paradigm of education requires the student, teacher, and parents to be informed of what the student has actually learned at any point in time, to assure that progress is continuous and personalized, and to make good decisions about what to learn next. The recordkeeping tool of an information-age LMS will replace the current report card.
References:
Reigeluth, C. M., Watson, W. R., Watson, S. L., Dutta, P., Chen, Z. C., & Powell, N. D. P. (2008). Roles for technology in the information-age paradigm of education: Learning management systems. Educational Technology, 48(6), 32-39.
A student's parents are often more interested in the achievements of a student detailed in their report card. The parents interest, or lack thereof, can play a large role in the student's motivation to learn within school settings.
Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?
Word-for-Word plagiarism
Paraphrasing plagiarism
This is not plagiarism
Original Source Material
Student Version
Remember the Grudgers of Chapter 10. These were birds that helped each other in an apparently altruistic way, but refused to help - bore a grudge against - individuals that had previously refused to help them. Grudgers came to dominate the population because they passed on more genes to future generations than either Suckers (who helped others indiscriminately, and were exploited) or Cheats (who tried ruthlessly to exploit everybody and ended up doing each other down).
References:
Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Dawkins (1989) provides the example of the Grudgers where three unique approaches to helping played out to ensure that "Grudgers", those birds that helped each other in an apparently altruistic way, but refused to help individuals that had previously refused to help them, came to outnumber both the so called "Cheats" or "Suckers".
References:
Dawkins, R. (1989). The selfish gene (3rd ed.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Explanation / Answer
1. This is not plagiarism as the reproduced version of the write up is written in the student’s own words and correct citation has been given.
2. This is not plagiarism as the student version is an original and summarised understanding of the previous writing and due credit has been given to the original writer in the reference.
3. This is not plagiarism as the student version is an original summary and gives correct references for the ideas used.
4. This is paraphrasing. Even though the student has mentioned the original author in references, s/he has merely reconstructed the same sentences by changing the words.
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