7. \"No person who cries is a person who can be trusted. Fred is a logic profess

Question

7. "No person who cries is a person who can be trusted. Fred is a logic professor. No untrustworthy person is a logic professor. Therefore, Fred does not cry." To tell if this argument is valid, we must a. choose the relevant premises for deriving the conclusion and test the resulting syllogism for validity. The other premises are not relevant and need not be tested. b. first derive the conclusion, "some logic professors do not cry," and test that syllogism for validity c. first derive the conclusion, "Fred is a trustworthy person," and test that syllogism for validity. Then test a second syllogism, which has that conclusion as a premise d. do nothing, since this argument is illogical. The conclusion cannot be derived from what is given. Answer 8. "Either I play ball, or I keep my new shoes clean. I can't resist playing ball, so I guess my new shoes will be getting dirty." How should we label this argument? a. An invalid argument that contains extraneous material. b. Denying the antecedent. c. Modus tollens d. Disjunctive syllogism Answer 9. Starting with the major premise, "If the heater is turned on, then the house will get warm," which of the following completed arguments commits the fallacy of affirming the consequent? a. The heater is turned on, so the house is warm. b. No one turned the heater on, so the house must be cold. c. The house is warm, so someone must have turned on the heater d. The house is cold, so we know that no one turned on the heater Answer:

Explanation / Answer

7. The correct answer is Option A. In this case, we must choose the relevant premises for deriving the conclusion and test the resulting syllogism for validity.

8. The correct answer is Option D. This is an example of a disjunctive syllogism.

9. The correct answer is Option C. “The house is warm, so someone must have turned on the heater” is the argument that commits the fallacy of affirming the consequent.

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