Which of the following founders of psychology believed psychology should study o

Question

Which of the following founders of psychology believed psychology should study observable behavior rather than hidden psychological processes?

5. Of the four early schools of psychology discussed in the chapter, which perspective(s) survived as (a) contemporary perspective(s)? a. psychoanalysis b. behaviorism c. structuralism d. functionalism e. a and b 6. Who were considered the architects of the perspective that emphasized people’s innate capacity for personal growth and their ability to make choices? a. William James and Wilhelm Wundt b. Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow c. Mary Calkins and Mamie Phipps Clark d. Sigmund Freud and B. F. Skinner e. None of the above 7. Which of the following is true of the cognitive perspective? a. It emphasized the essential goodness of people. b. It coincided with the development of the computer. c. It is the least scientifically based of the contemporary perspectives. d. It promoted the scientific study of love. e. None of the above 8. Which of the following is true of the neuroscience perspective? a. A good deal of its research is done on humans. b. It does not believe that research on animals can benefit humans. c. It is focused on the most precise microscopic levels of analysis. d. It is based on the writings of the biologist Charles Darwin. e. All of the above 9. Which of the following statements is true? a. Evolutionary factors along with social and cultural factors can help explain human thought and behavior. b. The sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives are not compatible. c. Genetic change occurs more rapidly than cultural changes. d. There is a great deal of genetic variation among cultural groups. e. All of the above 10. Which of the following statements is true? a. Thirty percent of the world’s population lives in cultures with a collectivist orientation. b. The cultural belief system of individualism is older than collectivism. c. From an evolutionary perspective, individualism is better than collectivism. d. All of the above e. None of the above 11. Which of the following is an applied specialty? a. clinical psychology b. counseling psychology c. industrial psychology d. school psychology e. All of the above 12. Dement’s claim that there is something basic in our need to dream would be considered a ______. a. hypothesis b. theory c. case study d. correlational coefficient e. topic selection 13. Which of the following applies to institutional review boards (IRBs)? a. They monitor and evaluate research proposals involving only human subjects. b. They focus on risk/benefit ratio. c. They never allow participants to be deceived about a study’s true purpose. d. They claim that human psychological research is a high-risk activity. e. a and b 14. Which of the following statements is true of animal research? a. Most animal research is unnecessary. b. Other methods could be used so that animals are not needed in behavioral research. c. Nearly 90% of animals used in research are rodents. d. Ninety percent of behavioral and biomedical research causes pain and significant distress to animals. e. Animals do not benefit from animal research.

Explanation / Answer

5). (e). a and b.

6). (b). Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.

7). (b). It coincides with the development of the computer.

9). (a). Evolutionary factors along with the social and cultural factors can help explain human thought and behavior.

11). (e). All of the above.

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