NAME_____________________________ DAY __________________ GRADE_________ MULTIPLE
ID: 3503449 • Letter: N
Question
NAME_____________________________ DAY __________________ GRADE_________
MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the questions. USE BLACK OR BLUE INK ONLY!!
7. The correct order for the three stages of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome is
a.
primary, secondary, tertiary.
b.
recognition, reaction, evaluation.
c.
alarm, adaptation, recovery.
d.
alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
8. In a stress reaction, the pituitary gland releases the hormone ACTH, which stimulates
a.
the gonads.
b.
the medulla
c.
the hypothalamus.
d.
the adrenal cortex.
9. Francis finished writing her economics final and was convinced that she had failed the exam and would have to repeat the course. She was so stressed out by the thought of taking the course a second time that she drank eight glasses of wine when she got home. Based on this information, it appears that one method that Francis uses to cope with stress is
a.
self-indulgence.
b.
overcompensation.
c.
learned helplessness.
d.
undoing.
10. Jim always comes to the office early, argues his position aggressively during meetings, and frequently feels frustrated when things don’t go his way. Jim’s behavior is typical of a person with a
a.
death wish.
b.
Type II self-punishment pattern.
c.
Type B personality.
d.
Type A personality.
11. Studies of the immune system in animals have found that stressors such as crowding
a.
can lead to increased levels of immune system activity.
b.
can activate the release of aggressive pheromones.
c.
can increase levels of serotonin and dopamine.
d.
can reduce various aspects of immune system activity.
12. College health clinics are probably MOST likely to experience an increase in students seeking treatment for colds and other minor illnesses
a.
during the weekend.
b.
during the middle of the week.
c.
during finals week.
d.
during the middle week of the semester.
13. Which one of the Big Five personality traits has been associated with greater longevity?
a.
agreeableness
b.
conscientiousness
c.
extraversion
d.
openness to experience
14. The average smoker has an estimated life expectancy ____ shorter than that of a similar nonsmoker.
a.
4–5 years
b.
8–9 years
c.
13–14 years
d.
19–20 years
15. Which one of the following is NOT an effect associated with recreational drug use?
a.
increased risk for cardiovascular disease
b.
increased risk for sexual impotence
c.
increased gastrointestinal problems
d.
increased risk for neurological disorders
16. In heterosexual relationships,
a.
neither partner is at risk for being infected by the AIDS virus.
b.
the AIDS virus will only be transmitted if one of the partners shows telltale signs of HIV infection.
c.
female-to-male transmission of the AIDS virus is most prevalent.
d.
male-to-female transmission of the AIDS virus is most prevalent.
17. Which of the following is NOT typically a reason for noncompliance with medical advice?
a.
having a negative attitude for physicians
b.
failing to understand advice or instructions
c.
the degree of difficulty associated with following advice or instructions
d.
the cost of the medical treatment program
18. Psychology’s intellectual parents are the disciplines of
a.
physics and physiology.
b.
philosophy and physiology.
c.
chemistry and physics.
d.
philosophy and chemistry.
19. Dr. Askew believes that in order to fully understand complex processes, such as auditory processing, it is first necessary to understand all the separate component parts. Dr. Askew’s views are MOST consistent with those of
a.
Edward Titchener.
b.
Ivan Pavlov.
c.
Carl Rogers.
d.
William James.
20. Sigmund Freud developed an innovative procedure for treating people with psychological problems, which he called
a.
behavior modification.
b.
primal therapy.
c.
psychoanalysis.
d.
rational-emotive therapy.
21. According to John Watson, behavior is governed primarily by
a.
heredity.
b.
personal motives.
c.
the environment.
d.
unconscious desires.
22. The notion that all behavior is fully governed by external stimuli is MOST consistent with
a.
behaviorism.
b.
humanism.
c.
structuralism.
d.
functionalism.
23. Which type of psychologist would be LEAST likely to generalize from studies of animal subjects to human behavior?
a.
a psychoanalyst
b.
a behaviorist
c.
a humanist
d.
a cognitive psychologist
24. A clinical psychologist would probably be MOST interested in
a.
determining how small groups make decisions.
b.
studying facial expressions of emotion.
c.
figuring out the most effective ways of treating anxiety.
d.
studying the nature of optical illusions.
25. Which of the following would be LEAST likely to be studied by a cognitive psychologist?
a.
how we remember things
b.
the development of language
c.
shaping behavior by reinforcement
d.
how people reason to solve problems
26. Professor Immel believes that behaviors that are predominant in certain species probably serve some adaptive function. Professor Immel’s beliefs are MOST consistent with the
a.
behavioral perspective.
b.
cognitive perspective.
c.
humanistic perspective.
d.
evolutionary perspective.
27. If you were having problems with severe depression, the type of psychologist that would be the greatest help to you would be
a.
a developmental psychologist.
b.
a social psychologist.
c.
a clinical psychologist.
d.
an experimental psychologist.
28. ____ psychologists are concerned with changes in behavior throughout the lifespan.
a.
Social
b.
Personality
c.
Developmental
d.
Cognitive
29. Dr Hawkins is a psychologist who spends her day working in an elementary school testing and counseling children who are having difficulty in school. What type of applied psychologist is Dr. Hawkins?
a.
an educational psychologist
b.
a counseling psychologist
c.
a school psychologist
d.
an industrial psychologist
30. As the result of a breakdown in communication, morale is low among employees in a local factory. A(n) ____ would be the MOST likely to be helpful in restoring communication and improving morale.
a.
social psychologist
b.
educational psychologist
c.
industrial/organizational psychologist
d.
clinical psychologist
31. When Watson proposed that psychology should only study observable behaviors and not consciousness, he was emphasizing the unifying theme that
a.
behavior is influenced by multiple causes.
b.
people’s experience of the world is highly subjective.
c.
psychology should use theories.
d.
psychology should be empirical.
32. The text’s unifying theme that “heredity and environment jointly influence behavior” is often referred to as describing the
a.
nature versus nurture issue.
b.
nurture versus nature issue.
c.
biological versus psychological issue.
d.
psychological versus biological issue.
33. Which of the following is NOT likely to be considered a critical thinking skill?
a.
working systematically toward a desired goal
b.
accepting the views of an appropriate authority figure
c.
distinguishing among facts, opinions, and reasoned judgments
d.
understanding how reasons and evidence support or refute conclusions
34. While functionalism emphasizes the adaptive purpose of ____, evolutionary psychology emphasizes the adaptive purpose of ____.
a.
physical structures of the body; behavior
b.
behavior; consciousness
c.
consciousness; behavior
d.
consciousness; physical structures of the body
35. Which of the following is a major assumption of science?
a.
Events occur in a relatively orderly or predictable manner.
b.
Cause and effect are indicated by correlational relationships.
c.
In contrast to the behavior of lower animals, human behavior is in part a function of free will.
d.
Events are largely randomly determined.
36. Dr. Mack believes that “misery loves company.” Based on this belief, Dr. Mack predicts that people who have received bad news will seek out other people. Dr. Mack’s belief is an example of ____, and her prediction is an example of ____.
a.
a hypothesis; a theory
b.
a theory; a hypothesis
c.
a variable; an application
d.
a hypothesis; a variable
37. A psychologist monitors changes in the subject’s heart rate as the subject watches a violent movie. The data collection technique being used is
a.
direct observation.
b.
psychological testing.
c.
physiological recording.
d.
archival records.
38. Which of the following is NOT true regarding commonsense analyses of behavior?
a.
They tend to be vague and ambiguous
b.
They often tolerate contradictory generalizations
c.
They usually involve little effort to verify ideas or detect errors
d.
They are typically based on precise definitions and hypotheses
39. A group of researchers wanted to determine if people will eat more food in a room with red paint than in a room that is decorated blue. Half the participants in this study ate in a red room and half ate in a blue room. The researchers then measured how much food was consumed in each of the two rooms. In this study, the independent variable was
a.
the type of food that was available during the study.
b.
the amount of food that was consumed.
c.
the color of the room.
d.
how hungry the participants were at the end of the study.
40. In experimental research, the researcher manipulates the ____ variable in order to measures its effect on the ____ variable.
a.
dependent; independent
b.
dependent; extraneous
c.
independent; dependent
d.
independent; extraneous
41. Suppose a researcher discovered a +.87 correlation between the length of a person’s toes and the number of shoes the person owns. In general, people who own the fewest number of shoes would have
a.
large toes.
b.
small toes.
c.
medium-sized toes.
d.
either very large or very small toes.
42. A correlation coefficient of zero describes
a.
a positive relationship between two variables.
b.
a negative relationship between two variables.
c.
the lack of a relationship between two variables.
d.
a perfect relationship between two variables.
43. Dr. Zelke surveys 50 university students to discover the relationship between textbook price and ratings of readability. Dr. Zelke finds that for these two variables the correlation coefficient is -0.70. This indicates that
a.
more expensive books tend to receive higher readability ratings than less expensive books.
b.
there is no relationship between textbook price and ratings of readability.
c.
increasing a textbook’s price will cause a decrease in its readability rating.
d.
more expensive books tend to receive lower readability ratings than less expensive books.
44. Jolyn believed that there are gender differences in driving habits. To test this assumption, she stood near a quiet intersection. Jolyn then recorded the gender of each driver who approached a stop sign and whether the individual came to a complete stop before proceeding into the intersection. Jolyn is conducting
a.
an experiment with two dependent variables.
b.
case study research.
c.
naturalistic observation.
d.
psychological testing.
45. A researcher interested in studying individuals’ attitudes toward “animal rights issues” would MOST likely conduct
a.
a case study.
b.
a naturalistic observation
c.
a correlation.
d.
a survey.
46. Sampling bias is a problem because it
a.
limits the generality of the findings.
b.
makes it impossible to use inferential statistics.
c.
makes it difficult to avoid a confounding of variables.
d.
makes the effect of the independent variable appear to be bigger than it really is.
47. Subjects’ self-reports often indicate that they are healthier, happier, and less prejudiced than other types of evidence would suggest. The MOST likely explanation for this pattern is
a.
experimenter bias.
b.
faulty memory.
c.
the social desirability bias.
d.
a tendency to agree with almost every statement.
48. Which of the following statements regarding the use of deception in psychological research is FALSE?
a.
Defenders of deception believe that some research questions can only be studied by using deception
b.
Critics of deception believe that the conclusions from studies involving deception are not valid
c.
Critics of deception believe that the deception may result in subjects becoming less trusting of others
d.
Participants in research involving the use of deception generally report that they enjoyed the experience
49. In psychology, MOST journal articles are
a.
descriptions of newly developed theories.
b.
reports that describe original empirical studies.
c.
criticisms of previously published research.
d.
reviews that summarize and reconcile the findings from a large number of studies.
50. The double-blind procedure was developed by researchers because of which unifying theme in psychology?
a.
psychology is empirical
b.
psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context
c.
our behavior is shaped by our cultural heritage
d.
our experience of the world is highly subjective
Explanation / Answer
7.The option D is the correct option
Explanation-The General Adaption Syndrome is comprised of three stages such as Alarm adaption and exhaustion.
8. Option D is correct answer
Explanation -The hormone ACTH stimulates adernal vortex cells.
9. The option A is corrcorrect answer
Explanation-In the above case self indulgence seems to be the right option.
13.The option B is correct answanswer.
Explanation- Out of the Big five Personality traits consceitiousneas trait is associated with greater longetivity.
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