Acids Bases, Buffers and Respiration: Explain the following terms and provide ph
ID: 3504585 • Letter: A
Question
Acids Bases, Buffers and Respiration: Explain the following terms and provide physiological significance: pH, ionization, acid identifty acidic, neutral and basic pH values .Explain the pH scale in terms of hydrogen ion concentration. . Relate the concentrations of H' to OH in an acidic, neutral and basic solution and base. Explain the role of a buffer system as a homeostatic mechanism that m of body fluid Explain how a change in pH relat Explain the law of mass action. Be able to predict the direction of tes to the concentration of hydrogen ions re altered. when the concentrations of various reactants a . Identify the carbonic acid/bicarbonate reaction. Explain the role of CO2 in acid/base balance. Predict the effect of hyper/hypoventilation on pH. Be able to demonstrate proper use of a pH meter. Construct a formal laboratory report; including graphs to illustrate data, . Background: Homeostasis is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment. For cells to survive, the composition of the surrounding fluids must remain relatively stable. If cells survive, the individual survives. The internal environment, an aqueous medium, is generally referred to as the extracellular fluid, ECF. It is the extracellular fluids that must be kept within homoeostasis. Extracellular fluid is the fluid outside the cells. It is extremely important as the ECF mediates the exchange of materials between the external ECF tha body and then transports carbon dioxide and other wastes from the cells to the exte environment and the cells of the body. It is the t transports oxygen, nutrients and other materials from the external to the cells of the nal environment. The ECF consists of the following compartments: 1) interstitial or t plasma, issue 2) the fluid portion of the blood and 3) transcellular fluids or the fluids within epithelial lined spaces. The interstitial fluids comprise the largest portion of the ECF and the transcellular ids comprise the smallest portion of the ECF. Examples of transcellular fluids include cerebrospinal fluid, synovial (joint) fluid and intraocular fluid (fluid within the eyes). 27Explanation / Answer
pH - The measure of a solutions' potential to attract Hydrogen ions. The measure of how acidic or basic a solution is.
Ionisation- Ionization is the physical process of giving or taking away electrons from an atom.
Acid - A solution that has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) than hydroxide ions (OH-).
A proton (H+) donor.
Base - solution that has a higher concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) than hydrogen ions (H+).
A proton (H+) acceptor.
A pH of 0 to < 7 is acidic, > 7 to 14 is basic and pH 7 is neutral.
A solution with a concentration of hydrogen ions higher than 10-7mol/L is acidic, and a solution with a lower concentration is basic.
The concentration of H+ is greater than OH- in acidic solution, OH- is greater than H+ in basic solution and both are equal in neutral solution.
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