Joan Barker, age 56, comes for a routine physical examination. She states she ha

Question

Joan Barker, age 56, comes for a routine physical examination. She states she has been in perfect health and has no complaints. She has a history of asthma but currently requires no medications of any kind. Her physical examination is completely normal, except for a 2-cm firm, nontender, nonmobile mass in the upper outer quadrant of her left breast. She indicates that she does not perform regular breast self-examination and that she did not know the mass was there. She has no family history of breast cancer and has never been pregnant. Answer the following questions about Ms. Barker’s condition. 1. What term is used to describe the benign condition that may have caused Ms. Barker’s breast mass?

2. What is inside the cysts of fibrocystic breast disease?

3. Mammography and ultrasonography reveal a solid lesion (not cystic). What is the most common type of breast cancer?

4. Biopsy determines that Ms. Barker has invasive carcinoma of the breast. What is the difference between ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma of the breast?

5. Ms. Barker’s breast cancer has metastasized to her lungs. What is the difference between metastatic lung cancer and primary lung cancer?

Explanation / Answer

Ms. Barker has a 2-cm firm, non-tender, non-mobile mass in the upper outer quadrant of her left breast. She has no family history of breast cancer and has never been pregnant.

1.Answer:

The benign condition that may have caused Ms. Barker’s breast mass is Fibrocystic breast disease. It is non-cancerous or benign changes in the breast that occur in women of any age. It is found in different parts of the breast and in the same breast at the same time. Benign changes occur in the breast includes irregular lumps, cysts, sensitive nipples, and itching.

2. Answer:

In the fibrocystic breast disease, the cysts are filled with fluid.

3. Answer:

The most common breast cancer is ductal carcinoma that forms in the lining of the milk the ducts in the breast.

4. Answer:

Ductal carcinoma in situ is a non-invasive breast cancer that cannot spread to the other parts of breast tissue or body parts while the invasive carcinoma breast cancer that spread to other parts of the body.

5. Answer:

Metastatic lung cancer forms in another place and moves to the other organs through blood or lymph while primary lung cancer develops in the lungs

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