Researchers studying a human growth factor receptor gene found that two types of

Question

Researchers studying a human growth factor receptor gene found that two types of protein are synthesized from this gene. The two proteins act differently and are transported to different parts of the cell. How do you think the cell is able to synthesize both of these from the same gene template? Researchers studying a human growth factor receptor gene found that two types of protein are synthesized from this gene. The two proteins act differently and are transported to different parts of the cell. How do you think the cell is able to synthesize both of these from the same gene template?

Explanation / Answer

A single gene can produce multiple proteins because of alternative splicing or differential splicing which is a regulated process during gene expression that results in a single gene coding for multiple proteins. As we know gene has exon and intron portion. The exon region is responsible for coding while introns are spliced off during post transcriptional modification. In this process, particular exons of a gene may be included within or excluded from the final, processed messenger RNA (mRNA) produced from that gene. Thus, many combination of mRNA are possible from single gene which results into synthesis of multiple proteins from single gene.

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