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ABSTRACT… Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and Pakistan is no exception. Objectives: To determine the morbidity and mortality in patients admitted with Diabetes Mellitus in a teaching hospital of Pakistan, through retrospective analysis of admission and patient file records. Study Design: Retrospectively analyzed. Setting: Independent University Hospital, a Teaching Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2017. Patients and Methods: Data included age, gender, total numbers of admissions and those due to Diabetes Mellitus, the indications for admissions, presenting symptoms and method of diagnoses in diabetic patients, mortality rates and causes of death. Data obtained were analyzed using chi square. Results: Out of 10490 medical admissions, 5706 (54.4%) were males and 4784 (45.6%) females. Diabetes was detected in 1450 (13.8%) patients [810 (55.9%) males, 640 (44.13%) females]. The mean age of diabetic patients was 53.6+16.1 years (range 18 – 94 years). Poor glycemic control (29%) and diabetic foot syndrome (23.4%) were the most common reasons for admission in diabetic cases. The overall mortality rate among medical admissions was 21.8%, with diabetes accounting for 6.7% deaths. Within the cohort of diabetic cases, mortality was 15.9%, with significantly higher mortality in those aged > 65 years (p < 0.05). The most common causes of death in diabetic cases were cerebrovascular disease and complications associated with the diabetic foot syndrome, accounting for 26.1% and 21.7% of deaths respectively; the least common causes of death in diabetic patients were pulmonary tuberculosis, meningitis, malaria and hepatic encephalopathy accounting for 4.4% of deaths. Conclusions: Cerebrovascular disease was the most frequent cause of mortality among admitted diabetic patients with diabetic foot syndrome (a preventable complication) as the second most frequent cause of mortality. Increased screening for diabetes mellitus morbidities in the clinic and community settings and adequate health education is required to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Mellitus is one of the major global health issues.1,2 In 2011, 366 million people had diabetes mellitus around the world and it is estimated that 552 million people would be suffering from this disease by 2030.3 According to WHO, 12.9 million people are diabetics in Pakistan and currently, Pakistan is on seventh position worldwide in terms of diabetes prevalence and it may become fourth on WHO list if preventive steps are not taken to control the disease.4 Diabetes Mellitus is a non-communicable, progressive disease1,5 characterized by hyperglycemia due to deficiency of insulin synthesis or diminished effectiveness. Diabetes, mellitus is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and morbidity and mortality6,7 Diabetics are at increased risk of death from complications of diabetes such as diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic nephropathy and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, ischemic heart disease, hypertensive heart disease, and from other causes, including infectious diseases.8,9 According to World Health Organization diabetes was responsible for 1.7% global mortality in the year 2002.10 Researchers11-13 have predicted that the majority of world’s diabetic population are living in developing countries (Pakistan inclusive) due to factors like increasing life expectancy, urbanization, aging population etc. Thus, with the increasing prevalence and incidence of diabetes globally, this mortality is expected to be much higher since diabetes is a chronic medical disorder. This study was done to study the morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients admitted at the Independent University Hospital, Faisalabad, a teaching hospital, with aview to identify the most frequent precipitating causes and recommend steps to reduce the burden of disease
Choose an article. Select10medical terms from the article. (human anatomy) .Complete the table in this document oln the first column list the medical term. ln the second column, list any prefixes and define them 01n the third column, list the root and define it. 01n the fourth column, list any suffixes and define them. on the fifth column list the exact definition of the term.Explanation / Answer
Diabetes mellitus : A group of diseases having metabolic disorder that is caused by the excess concentration of sugar in the blood or high blood sugar level.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus : it is a chronic condition that effects the bodys ability that processes blood sugar.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus : chronic condition in which pancreas produce little or no insulin.
Morbidity : it is the rate of disease in a population
Mortality : state of being subjected to death on a large scale
Meningitis : inflamation of brain and spinal cord membranes due to infection
Malaria : a disease caused by plasmodium parasite nad is yransmitted by mosquito bites
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