3 You take the boiled lipase from Exercise 2-3 and compare its structure to the
ID: 3508196 • Letter: 3
Question
3 You take the boiled lipase from Exercise 2-3 and compare its structure to the normal, unboiled lipase. You note that the two structures differ. Why are they different? How does this help to explain your results? 1 The blood is largely composed of water. Which types of biological molecules can the blood transport safely throughout the body (polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, and/or ionic)? Which types of biological molecules can the blood not transport safely throughout the body (polar covalent, nonpolar covalent, and/or ionic)? Why?Explanation / Answer
The chemistry behind transport of substances in blood
About 80% of blood constitutes water. Water is a polar molecule, that is, it carries a partial negative charge at its oxygen pole and partial positive charge in its hydrogen pole. This leads to the formation of hydrogen bonds between water molecules or with any other polar molecule( formed between the positive hydrogen atom and the negative oxygen atom of two different molecules) although this is a weak bond.
So polar substances are hydrophilic(water liking), that is, they dissolve in water(by forming hydrogen bonds) whereas nonpolar substances do not since they are hydrophobic(water hating) and fail to form hydrogen bonds.
covalent compounds can be either polar or nonpolar. Covalent bonds are formed by mutual sharing of electrons but if one atom has a higher electronegativity they act like partly ionic and can be called polar covalent compounds but if their electronegativities are same they are nonpolar and more covalent.
Ionic compounds are formed by complete transfer of an electron from one atom to other so one atom remains negative and the other positive.
Ionic compounds, since they contain both positive and negative charges and polar covalent compounds being partly ionic, will dissolve in water.
The answer to part 1 of the question:
Both ionic and polar covalent compound can be transported safely throughout the body because they are water soluble so will dissolve in blood.
Examples of biological molecules which can be transported safely are:
ANSWER TO PART 2 OF THE QUESTION
Nonpolar covalent molecules do not dissolve in blood and hence cannot be safely transported.
Examples are:
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