1. The sugar found in DNA & RNA is: a. Glucose b. Sucrose c. Ribose d. Lactose e
ID: 3508717 • Letter: 1
Question
1. The sugar found in DNA & RNA is:
a. Glucose
b. Sucrose
c. Ribose
d. Lactose
e. Galactose
2. Glycogen is the storage form of _____ in animals.
a. protein
b. lipids
c. amino acids
d. glucose
e. DNA
3. Which of the following substances below is matched with its correct organic group:
a. fatty acid - nucleic acids
b. steroids - carbohydrates
c. glycerol - proteins
d. enzymes - proteins
4. Which of the following statements about enzymes is true:
a. they are carbohydrates
b. they are stable at high temperatures
c. they are biological catalysts
d. they are not reasuble
e. they are required in large amounts in order to be effective
5. Enzymes:
a. are essential to virtually every biochemial reaction in the body
b. help regulate growth and development
c. are highly specialized proteins that recognize, bind with, and inactivate bacteria, toxins, and some viruses
d. increase the rates of chemical reactions by at least a millionfold
e. when absent or destroyed, cause all biochemical reactions to cease
Explanation / Answer
1. The sugar found is DNA and RNA is Ribose. Ribose C5H10O5 is present in RNA while deoxyribose C5H10O4 is found in DNA. These are pentose monosaccharide. Deoxyribose lack a hydroxyl group (-0H) at carbon 2. Ribose can bind to nitrogenous bases adenosine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine. Deoxyribose sugar can bind to nitrogenous bases adenosine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine
Right Option is c.
2. Glycogen is a readily mobilized form of glucose. Glycogen is a large, branched polymer of glucose residues. Glycogen can be broken down to glucose molecules when the cell requires energy. Hence, it is a storage form of energy in animals. Plant cells lack glycogen but have cellulose. The glucose residues in glycogen are linked by -1,4-glycosidic bonds. At every tenth residue, branches are created by -1,6-glycosidic bonds.
Right Option is d.
3. Fatty acids are molecules that are part of fats. Three fatty acids associate with a glycerol molecules to form triacylglyceride. Steroids are derivatives of isoprenes, and are lipids.
Enzymes are proteins found in the body that catalyze enzymatic reactions. They convert substrate to product. However, they are used up in the reactions.
Right Option is d.
4. Enzymes are proteins that are biocatalyst. They perform enzymatic reactions in the body but are not utilized in the reactions. They are therefore reused by the cells. A small amount of enzyme is therefore sufficient to carry out the biological reaction, as the rate of reaction is increased a million times when enzymes are used. This prevents the cell from spending too much energy in synthesis of enzymes. As they are proteins, they are denatured at high temperatures.
Right Option is c.
5. Enzymes are biocatalyst that increases the rate of the reaction by nearly a million times or even more. Hormones regulate growth and development of the body. Enzymes only affect metabolism, which may indirectly affect growth. Specific enzymes catalyze specific enzymatic reactions. For example, alpha keto glutarate dehydrogenase catalyses oxidative decarboxylation of alpha keto glutarate. However, they are not involved in immune binding to bacteria, viruses etc. Immunoglobulins antibodies bind to these pathogens. In absence of enzymes, biochemical reactions will still continue, but will be slowed tremendously.
Right Option is d.
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