(15 points) Thyroid hormone is considered to be the master metabolic regulator.
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Question
(15 points) Thyroid hormone is considered to be the master metabolic regulator. In table 1 are the results of a study examining obesity in children. Some descriptive characteristics and blood tests are shown.
Table 1. Characteristics of all obese boys and girls. Differences are considered to be significant when p<0.05.
Boys (n = 245)
Girls (n = 231)
p value
Age (years)
9.51 ± 1.91
9.54 ± 2.24
0.898
Physical Data
Height
0.69 ± 1.02
0.20 ± 0.92
<0.001
BMI
1.86 ± 0.36
1.81 ± 0.43
0.276
WC (cm)
79.01 ± 10.56
74.63 ± 9.77
<0.001
Body fat percentage (%)
34.19 ± 10.32
30.31 ± 6.45
<0.001
Biochemical Data
Glucose (mg/dl)
91.0 ± 5.60
89.9 ± 6.29
0.116
Insulin (µU/ml)
12.92 ± 8.42
14.38 ± 10.33
0.19
Triglycerides (mg/dl)
59.0 ± 35.8
78.4 ± 43.9
<0.001
LDL (mg/dl)
99.32 ± 33.01
110.78 ± 32.18
0.005
ALT (IU/L)
23.47 ± 13.85
18.40 ± 13.22
0.002
TSH (µU/ml)
3.13 ± 1.37
2.87 ± 1.25
0.096
Free T3 (pg/ml)
4.26 ± 0.66
4.18 ± 0.49
0.247
Free T4 (ng/dl)
1.41 ± 0.53
1.30 ± 0.17
0.019
Free T3/freeT4
3.25 ± 0.67
3.25 ± 0.48
0.956
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, and abbreviations are referred following BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; LDL, LDL-cholesterol; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; UA, Uric Acid; freeT3/free T4, free T3 to free T4 ratio.
a) From this data, what can you conclude about the influence of Thyroid hormone on obesity in boys and girls?
b) Explain the overall role of Thyroid hormone(s) on metabolism, and in particular explain why thyroid hormone influences other measured indicators of metabolism, specifically triglycerides, LDL, and ALT.
Boys (n = 245)
Girls (n = 231)
p value
Age (years)
9.51 ± 1.91
9.54 ± 2.24
0.898
Physical Data
Height
0.69 ± 1.02
0.20 ± 0.92
<0.001
BMI
1.86 ± 0.36
1.81 ± 0.43
0.276
WC (cm)
79.01 ± 10.56
74.63 ± 9.77
<0.001
Body fat percentage (%)
34.19 ± 10.32
30.31 ± 6.45
<0.001
Biochemical Data
Glucose (mg/dl)
91.0 ± 5.60
89.9 ± 6.29
0.116
Insulin (µU/ml)
12.92 ± 8.42
14.38 ± 10.33
0.19
Triglycerides (mg/dl)
59.0 ± 35.8
78.4 ± 43.9
<0.001
LDL (mg/dl)
99.32 ± 33.01
110.78 ± 32.18
0.005
ALT (IU/L)
23.47 ± 13.85
18.40 ± 13.22
0.002
TSH (µU/ml)
3.13 ± 1.37
2.87 ± 1.25
0.096
Free T3 (pg/ml)
4.26 ± 0.66
4.18 ± 0.49
0.247
Free T4 (ng/dl)
1.41 ± 0.53
1.30 ± 0.17
0.019
Free T3/freeT4
3.25 ± 0.67
3.25 ± 0.48
0.956
Explanation / Answer
i will answer b part
role of thyroid hormone on metabolism:
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