True or False 1.Gram-negative bacteria have cell walls that contain teichoic aci

Question

True or False

1.Gram-negative bacteria have cell walls that contain teichoic acids, carbohydrates, and proteins.

2.A host's defense against eukaryotic fungal infection involves TH17 and CD4+ T cells.

3.Protozoa have an active phase (Cyst form) and a dormant phase (Trophozoite form) during its life cycle.

4. Both innate and adaptive defense mechanisms are involved and important in the protection against parasitic infection.

5.The primary defense mechanisms involved during a spirochete infection are cell-mediated immunity, complement, and specific antibodies.

Explanation / Answer

1. false

Teichoic acids are not found in Gram-negative bacteria. they found in Gram-positive bacteria.

2. True

Th17 cells offer protection against extracellular bacterial and fungal infections.  CD4+ T cells play important role in fungal infection.

3. False

protozoa have an active phase (trophozoite stage) and a dormant (cystic)phase

4. True

Both the innate and adaptive immune responses have a large number of mechanisms to fight against bacterial and parasitic infections

5.True

spirochete is a gram negative bacteria. In bacterial infection primary defense mechanisms involved are Cell-mediated immunity (T cells is the principal mechanism whereby intracellular bacteria are eliminated by macrophages activated by -interferon derived from T cells), complement (enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear the infection), specific antibodies (antibacterial antibodies are produced by plasma cells.

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