A muscle twitch occurs in response to an action potential (AP). Which of the fol

Question

A muscle twitch occurs in response to an action potential (AP). Which of the following is not part of the description of a typical twitch?
A. Speed period
B. Latent period
C. Contraction
D. Relaxation

The accumulation of _____ in a muscle cell could lead to its fatigue (an inability to generate same or higher force as in prior attempts).
A. Lactate
B. H+
C. ADP
D. Pi
E. A, B, C, and D

More force can be generated by muscle by ______.
A. Recruiting more fibers/cells
B. Recruiting larger fibers
C. Developing more frequent Aps
D. Recruiting more fast twitch fibers
E. A-D are all involved in generating more force

Which of the chambers of the heart generates the most force/pressure?
A. Right atrium
B. Right ventricle
C. Left atrium
D. Left ventricle
E. They all generate the same amount of force

Which of the following is a typical concentration of the three main gasses in our atmosphere at 22 degree C, 760 mmHg, and water content removed?
A. N=~21%, O2= ~79%, CO2=~0.03%
B. N=~79%, O2= ~21%, CO2=~0.03%
C. N=~50%, O2= ~47%, CO2=~3%
D. N=~40%, O2= ~50%, CO2=~10%
E. N=~69%, O2= ~31%, CO2=~0.03%

Which of the following contribute to increased arterial blood pressure?
A. Increased blood volume
B. Increased CO
C. Increased TPR
D. Increased Blood Viscosity
E. A-D, all contribute

Heart rate (HR) is increased by ______ of the heart, especially the sino-atrial node.
A. Decreasing SNS innervation
B. Decreasing PNS innervation
C. Increasing SNS innervation
D. Increasing PNS innervation
E. Both B and C

As exercise intensity increases and HR increases, the time in both systole and diastole are ______. That said, _________ is affected the most when compared to rest.
A. Increased; systole
B. Increased; diastole
C. Decreased; systole
D. Decreased; diastole
E. What; what?

Explanation / Answer

Hi,

A muscle twitch occurs in response to an action potential (AP). Which of the following is not part of the description of a typical twitch?

A: Speed period

The muscle twitch involves 3 phase, latent period, the time between the stimulus and initiation of contraction; The contraction time, onset of contraction to peak tension development; and the relaxation time, the time when muscle returns to normal baseline tension.

The accumulation of _____ in a muscle cell could lead to its fatigue (an inability to generate same or higher force as in prior attempts

E. A,B,C and D

The muscle fatigue develops when the muscle cannot contract. The accumulation of lactate due to intense workout, accumulation of ADP and Pi due to fast burn out of ATP and accumulation of H+ can interfere with calcium release from myosin.

Which of the chambers of the heart generates the most force/pressure?

D. Left ventricle

The pressure of the blood in the aorta is higher than the pulmonary arteries, hence the left ventricle must apply more pressure to pump the blood. It has thick wall for the same purpose.

Which of the following is a typical concentration of the three main gasses in our atmosphere at 22 degree C, 760 mmHg, and water content removed?

B. N=~79%, O2= ~21%, CO2=~0.03%

This is the average air composition. The oxygen and CO2 concentrations vary with altitude and with pollution levels.

Which of the following contribute to increased arterial blood pressure?
A. Increased blood volume

The blood volume is directly responsible.

Heart rate (HR) is increased by ______ of the heart, especially the sino-atrial node.

E. Both B and C

The parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves work to slow down and fasten the heart rate respectively. TO increase the heart rate, the PNS should show down and SNS should increase its activity.

As exercise intensity increases and HR increases, the time in both systole and diastole are ______. That said, _________ is affected the most when compared to rest.
A. Increased; systole

During exercise the heart pumps out more blood into the arteries. The pressure to pump out the blood is the systolic which will increase. The relax period pressure, diastole does not change much.

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