3. Describe the CRISPR method and how this method takes gene-environment influen

Question

3. Describe the CRISPR method and how this method takes gene-environment influences to a whole new level (1 pt). In your discussion, include how CRISPR might exert an influence on child development, consider current and future generations (not only do these changes influepaé this generation but all future generations) (1 pt)? Discuss at least one negative and one positive outcome of using CRISPR to influence development (2 pt)? What do you think are the moral/ethical issues of CRISPR (think about both moral/ethical uses to support and prohibit CRISPR) (1 pt)?

Explanation / Answer

1. "CRISPR" stands for "clusters of regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats." It is a specialized region of DNA with two distinct characteristics: the presence of nucleotide repeats and spacers. Repeated sequences of nucleotides — the building blocks of DNA — are distributed throughout a CRISPR region.

CRISPR/Cas9 is very effective at cutting and adding genes. they're concerned about changes to human eggs, sperm or embryos—known as the human germline.The edited genes in a nonviable human embryo is to treat an inherited blood disease, and ended up with a lot of unintended—and potentially dangerous—changes.

2. If you edit the genes of an adult, the changes don’t get passed down to that person's children. But editing genes in the germline would affect the child’s own egg and sperm, so the genetic changes are inherited.

3. Limitations:

a) The molecular mechanism exploited to insert DNA fragments (e.g. cDNAs) is mediated by DNA repair machinery activated by the double strand break introduced by Cas9. Since the scope of the DNA repair system is not to integrate DNA fragments in the genome, targeted alleles often carry additional modifications, such as deletions, partial or multiple integrations of the targeting vector, and even duplication

Advantages:

A) Stopping inherited disease in its tracks

B) Curing disease

c) Creating a better you

d) Saving endangered species

e) Resurrecting extinct species

4)“It would be irresponsible to proceed with any clinical use of germline editing” until more safety and effectiveness research can be done, risks and benefits weighed, and a social consensus reached. The group called for regulatory oversight of use in people and concluded that “as scientific knowledge advances and societal views evolve, the clinical use of germline editing should be revisited on a regular basis

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