A 2 year old boy tipped a pan of boiling water on himself. He was brought to the

Question

A 2 year old boy tipped a pan of boiling water on himself. He was brought to the emergency room with a severe burn that extended from his shoulders to his navel and then on the anterior surface of the thigh. The skin on the trunk was red and blistered. Use your textbook and the internet to find answers to some of the following questions: 5. What is the degree of this burn? What is the technical term for redness? Review the rules of nine and determine the percentage the percentage of the body that has been burned? The statement "Cool the burn and warm the patient" is used for caring for the burn patient. Explain what that means, why it is important and how it is achieved: Considering multiple functions of the skin, explain the effect of the burn on the following functions: a. Infections: b. Temperature regulation: c. Water levels in the body and urine output:

Explanation / Answer

Since the skin on the trunk was red and blistered.It seems to be a second degree burn.

Technical term for redness is erythema

According to the rules of nine the percentage of the body that has been burnt is

For shoulders :18%

till navel:18%

Anterior surface of the thigh:14%

So percentage of body that has been burnt is 50%

Cool the burn and warm the patient is used for caring for the burn pateint.When burn is fresh generally it is rinsed in cool water as the cool water reduces the skin temperature and stops the burn to prevent more damage.Since blisters can be easily infected clean cloth or gauze need to be used to dry that area.Non stick dressing needed to be done if blisters broke open.Application of medicine and and regular changing of gauze will boost the healing process.

a)Infections

Skin is the largest organ and it provides protection to the body from infections.Because of the burns when skin gets damaged pathogens can directly infltrate the body,resulting in infection.

b)Dermis is made up of fibrous connective tissue which helps to prevent the evaporation of body fluids.Sweat glands which are embedded in the dermis secrete perspiration and evaporation of which helps regulate body temperature.When skin gets damaged because of burns can disrupt temperature regulation process.

c)When the skin gets burned loss of fluid will occur as the fluid seeps from the burned area causing dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.Since dehydration is a life threatening complication.Urine output is one of the methods used to evaluate adequate fluid resuscitation.For children it is 1ml/kg/hour and in adult 0.5ml/kg/hour.

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